Related provisions for IPRU-INV 13.1.20

IPRU-INV 13.1.3G30/12/2015

Although financial resources and appropriate systems and controls can generally mitigate operational risk, professional indemnity insurance has a role in mitigating the risks a firm faces in its day-to-day operations, including those arising from not meeting the legally required standard of care when advising on investments. The purpose of the rules in this section is also to ensure that a firm has in place the type, and level, of professional indemnity insurance necessary to

IPRU-INV 13.1.5R01/10/2018

A firm must take out and maintain at all times professional indemnity insurance that is at least equal to the requirements in this section from: (1) an insurance undertaking which is authorised to transact professional indemnity insurance in the EEA; or (2) a person of equivalent status in: (a) a Zone A country; (b) the Channel Islands, Gibraltar, Bermuda or the Isle of Man. [Note: articles 10(4) and 10(5) of the IDD4

IPRU-INV 13.1.6R30/12/2015

An exempt CAD firm is not required to effect and maintain professional indemnity insurance unless it chooses this option (see 13.1A).

IPRU-INV 13.1.7R30/12/2015

(1) A firm is not required to effect or maintain professional indemnity insurance if a bank, building society or an insurer provides the firm with a comparable guarantee.(2) If the firm is a member of a group in which there is a bank, building society or an insurer, the firm's comparable guarantee must be from that bank, building society or insurer.(3) A comparable guarantee means an enforceable, written agreement on terms at least equal to those required by

IPRU-INV 13.1.8R30/12/2015

The term "relevant income" in this section refers to all income received or receivable which is commission, brokerage, fees or other related income, whether arising from the firm'spermitted activities or not, for the last accounting year prior to inception or renewal of the professional indemnity insurance policy ("the policy").

IPRU-INV 13.1.10R01/10/2018

If the firm is an IDD insurance intermediary4, whether or not it is also an exempt CAD firm, the appropriate minimum limits of indemnity per year are no lower than: (1) EUR 1,250,0004 for a single claim against the firm; and(2) EUR 1,850,0004 in the aggregate.[Note: articles 10(4) and 10(5)4 of the IDD4]

IPRU-INV 13.1.11R03/01/2018

If the firm is an exempt CAD firm that maintains professional indemnity insurance under 13.1A.3(1)(b), the appropriate minimum limits of indemnity per year are no lower than: (1) EUR 1,000,000 for a single claim against the firm; and(2) EUR 1,500,000 in the aggregate.[Note: 3article 31(1) of the CRD (see also IPRU-INV 13.1A.3R2)]

IPRU-INV 13.1.12R01/10/2018

If the firm is both an IDD insurance intermediary4 and an exempt CAD firm that maintains professional indemnity insurance under IPRU(INV) 13.1A.4(1)(b)4 , the appropriate additional limits of indemnity to IPRU(INV) 13.1.10R4 per year are no lower than: (1) EUR 500,000 for a single claim against the firm; and (2) EUR 750,000 in the aggregate. [Note: 3article 31(2) of the CRD (see also IPRU-INV 13.1A.4R2)]

IPRU-INV 13.1.13R01/10/2018

If the firm is not an IDD insurance intermediary4 or an exempt CAD firm, then the following limits of indemnity apply: (1) if the firm has relevant income of up to £3,000,000, no lower than £500,000 for a single claim against the firm and £500,000 in the aggregate; or (2) if the firm has relevant income of more than £3,000,000, no lower than £650,000 for a single claim against the firm and £1,000,000 in the aggregate.

IPRU-INV 13.1.14G01/10/2018

Article 10(7) of the IDD requires EIOPA to review the limits of indemnity every five years to take into account changes in the European index of consumer prices and to develop draft regulatory technical standards to adapt the base amount in euro by the percentage change in that index. Therefore, the limits of indemnity will be subject to further adjustments that will apply to firms in accordance with the regulatory technical standards adopted under article 10(7) of the IDD.4[Note:

IPRU-INV 13.1.15R30/12/2015

If a policy is denominated in any currency other than euros, a firm must take reasonable steps to ensure that the limits of indemnity are, when the policy is effected (i.e. agreed) and at renewal, at least equivalent to those denominated in euros.

IPRU-INV 13.1.18R30/06/2016

If the policy provides cover to more than one firm then: (1) The relevant income for calculating the limits of indemnity is that of all the firms named in the policy combined;(2) each firm named in the policy must have the benefit of the minimum limits of indemnity as required in this section; and (3) each firm named in the policy must notify the FCA1 if the aggregate cover in the policy falls below the minimum limits of indemnity.

IPRU-INV 13.1.19R01/10/2018

In addition to the specific requirements in IPRU(INV) 13.1.9R to IPRU(INV) 13.1.13R4

, the policy must make provision for the following:

(1)
for a firm with relevant income of more than £10,000,0004, the aggregate limit identified in the table below:

Relevant income is (£)		Minimum aggregate limit of indemnity
more than	up to	(£)
4	4	4
4	4	4
4	4	4
4	4	4
10,000,000	12,500,000	2,000,000
12,500,000	15,000,000	2,400,000
15,000,000	17,500,000	2,800,000
17,500,000	20,000,000	3,150,000
20,000,000	25,000,000	3,800,000
25,000,000	30,000,000	4,250,000
30,000,000	35,000,000	4,500,000
35,000,000	40,000,000	4,750,000
40,000,000	50,000,000	5,500,000
50,000,000	60,000,000	6,000,000
60,000,000	70,000,000	6,750,000
70,000,000	80,000,000	7,250,000
80,000,000	90,000,000	7,750,000
90,000,000	100,000,000	8,500,000
100,000,000	150,000,000	11,250,000
150,000,000	200,000,000	14,000,000
200,000,000	250,000,000	17,000,000
250,000,000	300,000,000	19,750,000
300,000,000	n/a	22,500,000

(2)
full retroactive cover in respect of the kinds of liabilities described in 13.1.9R for claims arising from work carried out by the firm, or on its behalf, in the past; and
(3)
cover in respect of Ombudsman awards made against the firm.

IPRU-INV 13.1.22G30/06/2016

(1) The FCA1 considers it reasonable for a firm's policy to exclude cover for:(a) specific business lines if that type of business has not been carried out by the firm in the past and will not be carried out by the firm during the life of the policy; or (b) specific claims that have been previously notified to the firm'sinsurer and claimed for under another policy. (2) The FCA1 does not consider it reasonable for a firm's policy to treat legal defence

IPRU-INV 13.1.28R30/06/2016

A firm must notify the FCA1 immediately if it becomes aware, or has information which reasonably suggests, that any of the following matters in relation to its professional indemnity insurance has occurred, may have occurred or may occur in the foreseeable future: (1) professional indemnity insurance cannot be obtained within 28 days of the inception or renewal date; (2) professional indemnity insurance is cancelled; (3) the amount of aggregate cover is exhausted;

IPRU-INV 13.1.29G30/06/2016

(1) 1For the purposes of the provisions relating to professional indemnity insurance, “additional capital resources” means readily realisable own funds or capital resources under IPRU-INV 13.15.3R, depending on the type of firm1.(2) 1The FCA1 expects items included in own funds or capital resources under IPRU-INV 13.15.3R, depending on the type of firm,1 to be regarded as “readily realisable” only if they can be realised, at any given time, within 90 days.

MIPRU 3.2.1R01/10/2018

A firm must take out and maintain professional indemnity insurance that is at least equal to the requirements of this section from:(1) an insurance undertaking authorised to transact professional indemnity insurance in the EEA; or(2) a person of equivalent status in:(i) a Zone A country; or(ii) the Channel Islands, Gibraltar, Bermuda or the Isle of Man.[Note: articles 10(4) and 10(5)6 of theIDD6]22

MIPRU 3.2.2G01/10/2018

The minimum limits of indemnity for a firm whose Part 4A permission covers both insurance distribution activity6 and home finance mediation activity1is the higher of the limits of indemnity for these activities. If the firm opts for a single comparable guarantee to finance the claims which might arise as a result of both activities, the requirements for insurance distribution activity6 apply.1

MIPRU 3.2.3G01/01/2007

A non-EEA firm (such as a captive insurance company outside the EEA) will be able to provide professional indemnity insurance only if it is authorised to do so in one of the specified countries or territories.. The purpose of this provision is to balance the level of protection required for the policyholder against a reasonable level of flexibility for the firm.

MIPRU 3.2.4R01/10/2018

The contract of professional indemnity insurance must incorporate terms which make provision for:(1) cover in respect of claims for which a firm may be liable as a result of the conduct of itself, its employees and its appointed representatives (acting within the scope of their appointment);(2) the minimum limits of indemnity per year set out in this section;(3) an excess as set out in this section;(4) appropriate cover in respect of legal defence costs;(5) continuous cover in

MIPRU 3.2.7R01/10/2018

If the firm is an insurance intermediary, then the minimum limits of indemnity per year6are:(1) for a single claim, €1,250,0006; and33(2) in aggregate, the higher of:633(a) €1,850,000; and6(b) an amount equivalent to 10% of annual income (this amount being subject to a maximum of £30 million).6[Note: articles 10(4) and 10(5)6 of theIDD6]22

MIPRU 3.2.7AG01/10/2018

Article 10(7) of the IDD requires EIOPA to review the limits of indemnity every five years to take into account changes in the European index of consumer prices and to develop draft regulatory technical standards to adapt the base amount in euro by the percentage change in that index. Therefore, the limits of indemnity will be subject to further adjustments that will apply to firms in accordance with the regulatory technical standards adopted under article 10(7) of the IDD.6[Note:

MIPRU 3.2.8R01/01/2007

If a policy is denominated in any currency other than euros, a firm must take reasonable steps to ensure that the limits of indemnity are, when the policy is effected and at renewal, at least equivalent to those required.

MIPRU 3.2.9R21/03/2016

If the firm is a home finance intermediary that is not subject to MIPRU 3.2.9A R, then the minimum limit of indemnity is the higher of 10% of annual income up to £1 million, and:11(1) for a single claim, £100,000; or(2) in aggregate, £500,000.

MIPRU 3.2.9AR01/08/2016

4If the firm is: (1) an MCD article 3(1)(b) credit intermediary who is not also an MCD article 3(1)(b) creditor carrying out direct sales only5; or(2) a home finance intermediary that is:5(a) an MCD mortgage adviser; or(b) an MCD mortgage arranger,5who is not also an MCD mortgage lender carrying out direct sales only; then the minimum limit of indemnity is the amount set out in article 1 of the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1125/2014 which is reproduced in MIPRU 3.2.9B

MIPRU 3.2.9BEU21/03/2016

4The minimum monetary amount of the professional indemnity insurance or comparable guarantee required to be held by credit intermediaries as referred to in the first subparagraph of Article 29(2)(a) of Directive 2014/17/EU shall be:(1) EUR 460 000 for each individual claim;(2) in aggregate EUR 750 000 per calendar year for all claims.[Note:article 1 of the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1125/2014.]

MIPRU 3.2.11R01/01/2007

For a firm which does not hold client money or other client assets, the excess must not be more than the higher of:(1) £2,500; and(2) 1.5% of annual income.

MIPRU 3.2.12R01/01/2007

For a firm which holds client money or other client assets, the excess must not be more than the higher of:(1) £5,000; and(2) 3% of annual income.

MIPRU 3.2.13R01/01/2007

If a policy provides cover to more than one firm, then:(1) the limits of indemnity must be calculated on the combined annual income of all the firms named in the policy; and(2) each firm named in the policy must have the benefit of the relevant minimum limits of indemnity.

MIPRU 3.2.14R01/01/2007

If a firm seeks to have an excess which is higher than the relevant limit, it must hold additional capital as calculated in accordance with the appropriate table below:

Table: Calculation of additional capital for firm not holding client money or other client assets (£000's)

Income		Excess obtained up to and including:
More than	Up to	2.5	5	10	15	20	25	30	40	50	75	100	150	200+
0	100	0	5	9	12	14	17	19	23	26	33	39	50	59
100	200	0	7	12	16	19	22	25	30	34	43	51	64	75
200	300	0	7	12	16	20	24	27	32	37	47	56	71	84
300	400	0	0	12	16	21	24	28	34	39	50	60	77	91
400	500	0	0	11	16	21	24	28	34	40	53	63	81	96
500	600	0	0	10	16	20	24	28	35	41	54	65	84	100
600	700	0	0	0	15	20	24	28	35	41	55	67	87	104
700	800	0	0	0	14	19	24	28	35	42	56	68	89	107
800	900	0	0	0	13	18	23	27	35	42	56	69	91	109
900	1,000	0	0	0	0	17	22	27	34	41	57	70	92	111
1,000	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	21	26	34	41	57	71	97	118
1,500	2,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	30	38	56	71	98	121
2,000	2,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	24	33	53	69	99	126
2,500	3,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	28	50	68	101	130
3,000	3,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	47	67	101	132
3,500	4,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	43	65	101	133
4,000	4,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	39	62	101	134
4,500	5,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	58	99	134
5,000	6,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	54	97	133
6,000	7,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	91	131
7,000	8,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	84	126
8,000	9,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	75	120
9,000	10,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	113
10,000	100,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100,000	n/a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Table: Calculation of additional capital for firm holding client money or other client assets (£000's)

Income		Excess obtained up to and including:
More than	Up to	5	10	15	20	25	30	40	50	75	100	150	200+
0	100	0	4	7	9	12	14	18	21	28	34	45	54
100	200	0	7	11	14	17	20	25	29	38	46	59	70
200	300	0	7	11	14	17	20	25	30	40	49	64	77
300	400	0	0	9	13	16	19	25	30	40	50	67	81
400	500	0	0	0	11	14	18	24	29	40	51	68	83
500	600	0	0	0	8	12	15	22	28	40	51	69	85
600	700	0	0	0	0	9	13	20	26	39	50	69	86
700	800	0	0	0	0	6	10	17	24	38	49	69	87
800	900	0	0	0	0	0	7	15	22	36	48	69	87
900	1,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	12	19	34	47	68	87
1,000	1,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	16	32	45	67	86
1,500	2,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	18	34	59	81
2,000	2,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	19	48	71
2,500	3,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6	37	64
3,000	3,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	26	55
3,500	4,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14	45
4,000	4,500	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	33
4,500	5,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	21
5,000	6,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	8
6,000	7,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
7,000	8,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
8,000	9,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9,000	10,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
10,000	100,000	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
100,000	n/a	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

IPRU-INV 9.4.1R30/12/2015

An exempt CAD firm that has professional indemnity insurance in accordance with this chapter must take out and maintain professional indemnity insurance that is at least equal to the requirements of the rule below from: (1) an insurance undertaking which is authorised to transact professional indemnity insurance in the EEA; or (2) a person of equivalent status in: (a) a Zone A country; (b) the Channel Islands, Gibraltar, Bermuda or the Isle of Man.

IPRU-INV 9.4.2R30/12/2015

The policy of professional indemnity insurance must incorporate terms which make provision for: (1) cover in respect of claims for which an exempt CAD firm may be liable as a result of the conduct of itself, its employees and its appointed representatives or where applicable, its tied agent (acting within the scope of their appointment); (2) the minimum levels of indemnity per year as set out in the rules relating to professional indemnity insurance above;

IPRU-INV 9.4.3R30/12/2015

If a professional indemnity insurance policy is denominated in any currency other than euros, an exempt CAD firm must take reasonable FCA steps to ensure that the limits of indemnity are, when the policy is effected and at renewal, at least equivalent to those required for the purposes of the rules relating to professional indemnity insurance above.

IPRU-INV 9.4.4R30/12/2015

A professional indemnity insurance policy must not be subject to conditions or exclusions which unreasonably limit the cover provided (whether by exclusion of cover, by policy excesses or otherwise).

IPRU-INV 9.2.4R01/10/2018

(1) An exempt CAD firm which is not an IDD insurance intermediary3 must have: (a) initial capital of EUR 50,000; or (b) professional indemnity insurance covering the whole territory of the EEAor some other comparable guarantee against liability arising from professional negligence, representing at least EUR 1,000,000 applying to each claim and in aggregate EUR 1,500,000 per year for all claims; or (c) a combination of initial capital and professional

IPRU-INV 9.2.5R01/10/2018

(1) An exempt CAD firm that is also an IDD insurance intermediary3 must comply with the professional indemnity insurance requirements at least equal to those set out in IPRU-INV 9.2.4R(1)(b)2 (except that the minimum limits of indemnity are at least EUR 1,250,000 for a single claim and EUR 1,850,0003 in aggregate) and in addition has to have: (a) initial capital of EUR 25,000; or (b) professional indemnity insurance covering the whole territory of the

IPRU-INV 9.2.5AG01/10/2018

Article 10(7) of the IDD requires EIOPA to review the limits of indemnity every five years to take into account changes in the European index of consumer prices and to develop draft regulatory technical standards to adapt the base amount in euro by the percentage change in that index. Therefore, the limits of indemnity will be subject to further adjustments that will apply to firms in accordance with the regulatory technical standards adopted under article 10(7) of the IDD.3[Note:

IPRU-INV 9.2.6G30/12/2015

A trade-off between initial capital and professional indemnity insurance is appropriate such that EUR 1 of initial capital is the equivalent of professional indemnity insurance cover of EUR 20 for a single claim against the firm and EUR 30 in aggregate.

IPRU-INV 9.2.7R30/12/2015

(a) If another authorised person which has net tangible assets of more than £10 million provides a comparable guarantee, an exempt CAD firm can treat it as an alternative to effecting or maintaining professional indemnity insurance pursuant to the rules relating to professional indemnity insurance above. (b) If the exempt CAD firm is a member of a group in which there is an authorised person with net tangible assets of more

IPRU-INV 9.2.9R05/11/2016

(1) An exempt CAD firm must, at all times, maintain a combination of professional indemnity insurance and own funds, (own funds to be calculated in accordance with (2)), at least equal to the requirements in this chapter for professional indemnity insurance and initial capital. (2) (a) If the exempt CAD firm is an investment management firm its own funds must be calculated in accordance with the rules in IPRU-INV 5.2 to 5.71.(b) If the exempt CAD

MIPRU 3.1.1R01/10/2018

62(1) [deleted]6(1A) Subject to the exceptions in (3) to (8), this chapter applies to a firm with Part 4A permission to carry on any of the following activities:6(a) insurance distribution activity8;6(b) home finance mediation activity; and6(c) MCD article 3(1)(b) credit intermediation activity.6(2) [deleted]61515(3) In6 relation to insurance distribution activity8, this chapter does not apply to a firm if another authorised person which has net tangible assets of more than £10

MIPRU 3.1.3G01/10/2018

The purposes of this chapter are to:(1) implement articles 10(4) and 10(5)8 of the IDD8 in so far as it requires insurance intermediaries to hold professional indemnity insurance, or some other comparable guarantee, against any liability that might arise from professional negligence; and(2) meet the statutory objectives12 of consumer protection and protecting and enhancing the integrity of the UK financial system12 by ensuring that firms have adequate resources to protect themselves,

MIPRU 3.1.4G01/04/2013

Any breach in the duty of a firm or of its agents under the regulatory system or civil law can give rise to claims being made against the firm. Professional indemnity insurance has an important role to play in helping to finance such claims. In so doing, this chapter amplifies threshold condition 4 (Adequate resources). This threshold condition provides that a firm must have, on a continuing basis, resources that are, in the opinion of the appropriate regulator, adequate in relation

MIPRU 3.1.6G01/01/2007

Although financial resources and appropriate systems and controls can generally mitigate operational risk, professional indemnity insurance has a role in mitigating the risks a firm faces in its day to day operations, including those arising from not meeting the legally required standard of care when advising on investments. The purpose of this chapter is to ensure that a firm has in place the type, and level, of professional indemnity insurance necessary to mitigate these ri

IPRU-INV 11.3.11G30/12/2015

A full-scope UK AIFM should: (1) cover the professional liability risks set out in article 12 of the AIFMD level 2 regulation (professional liability risks) (as replicated in IPRU-INV 11.3.12EU) by either:(a) maintaining an amount of own funds in line with article 14 of the AIFMD level 2 regulation (additional own funds) (as replicated in IPRU-INV 11.3.14EU) (the professional negligence capital requirement); or (b) holding professional indemnity insurance and

IPRU-INV 11.3.12EU30/12/2015

(1) The professional liability risks to be covered pursuant to Article 9(7) of Directive 2011/61/EU shall be risks of loss or damage caused by a relevant person through the negligent performance of activities for which the AIFM has legal responsibility. (2) Professional liability risks as defined in paragraph 1 shall include, without being limited to, risks of: (a) loss of documents evidencing title of assets of the AIF;

IPRU-INV 11.3.13EU30/12/2015

(1) An AIFM shall implement effective internal operational risk management policies and procedures in order to identify, measure, manage and monitor appropriately operational risks including professional liability risks to which the AIFM is or could be reasonably exposed. The operational risk management activities shall be performed independently as part of the risk management policy. (2) An AIFM shall set up a historical loss database, in which

IPRU-INV 11.3.14EU30/12/2015

(1) This Article shall apply to AIFMs that choose to cover professional liability risks through additional own funds. (2) The AIFM shall provide additional own funds for covering liability risks arising from professional negligence at least equal to 0,01 % of the value of the portfolios of AIFs managed. The value of the portfolios of AIFs managed shall be the sum of the absolute value of all assets of all AIFs managed by the AIFM, including assets

IPRU-INV 11.3.15EU30/12/2015

(1) This Article shall apply to AIFMs that choose to cover professional liability risks through professional indemnity insurance. (2) The AIFM shall take out and maintain at all times professional indemnity insurance that: (a) shall have an initial term of no less than one year; (b) shall have a notice period for cancellation of at least 90 days; (c) shall cover professional liability risks as defined in Article 12(1) and (2); (d) is taken out

IPRU-INV 11.3.16R30/12/2015

If a firm satisfies the requirement referred to in IPRU-INV 11.3.11G with professional indemnity insurance it must, in addition to maintaining an amount of own funds to cover any defined excess, hold adequate own funds to cover any exclusions in the insurance policy that would otherwise result in the firm having insufficient resources to cover liabilities arising. A firm may satisfy its requirements for professional indemnity insurance with a policy that also provides cover to

IPRU-INV 13.1A.3R01/10/2018

(1) A firm which is not an IDD insurance intermediary5 must have:(a) initial capital of EUR 50,000; or (b) professional indemnity insurance at least equal to the requirements of IPRU-INV 13.1.11R4 and IPRU-INV 13.1.15R4 to IPRU-INV 13.1.27R4; or 1(c) a combination of initial capital and professional indemnity insurance in a form resulting in a level of coverage equivalent to (a) or (b). [Note: Article 67(3) of MiFID and article 31(1) of the CRD (see also rule IPRU-INV

IPRU-INV 13.1A.4R01/10/2018

(1) A firm that is also an IDD insurance intermediary5 must have professional indemnity insurance at least equal to the limits set out in IPRU-INV 13.1.10R4 and in addition must2 have:1(a) initial capital of EUR 25,000; or (b) professional indemnity insurance at least equal to the requirements1 of IPRU-INV 13.1.12R4 and IPRU-INV 13.1.15R4 to IPRU-INV 13.1.27R4; or 211(c) a combination of initial capital and professional indemnity insurance in a form resulting in a level

IPRU-INV 13.1A.5G30/12/2015

A trade-off between initial capital and professional indemnity insurance is appropriate such that EUR 1 of initial capital is the equivalent of professional indemnity insurance cover of EUR 20 for a single claim against the firm and EUR 30 in aggregate.

IPRU-INV 13.1A.13R30/12/2015

A firm must, at all times, maintain a combination of professional indemnity insurance and own funds, at least equal to the requirements in this chapter for professional indemnity insurance and initial capital.

IPRU-INV 2.3.1R30/12/2015

A firm must effect and maintain at all times adequate professional indemnity insurance cover for all the business activities which it carries on, or for which it is responsible.

IPRU-INV 2.3.2G30/12/2015

In assessing the adequacy of a firms' professional indemnity insurance cover for the purposes of IPRU-INV 2.3.1R, the FCA may have regard to a firm's compliance with the professional indemnity insurance requirements of its designated professional body in force at the time.

IPRU-INV 11.2.1R30/12/2015

A firm must: (1) when it first becomes a collective portfolio management firm or a collective portfolio management investment firm, hold initial capital of not less than the applicable base own funds requirement (in line with IPRU-INV 11.3.1R);(2) at all times, maintain own funds which equal or exceed:(a) the higher of:(i) the funds under management requirement (in line with IPRU-INV 11.3.2R); and(ii) the amount specified in article 97 of the EU CRR (Own funds based on fixed

IPRU-INV 11.2.2G30/12/2015

(1) The professional negligence capital requirement applies to a full-scope UK AIFM which, in line with IPRU-INV 11.3.11G(1)(a), covers professional liability risks by way of own funds. (2) The PII capital requirement applies to a full-scope UK AIFM which, in line with IPRU-INV 11.3.11G(1)(b), decides to cover professional liability risks by professional indemnity insurance.

SUP 16.12.22AR01/10/2020

2The applicable data items referred to in SUP 16.12.4 R are set out according to type of firm in the table below:

45Description ofData item	Firms' prudential category and applicable data item (note 1)
	IFPRU	BIPRU firm	Exempt CAD firmssubject toIPRU(INV)Chapter 13	Firms(other thanexempt CAD firms) subject toIPRU(INV)Chapter 13	Firmsthat are also in one or more ofRAGs1 to 6 and not subject toIPRU(INV)Chapter 13
Solvency statement	No standard format (note 11)
Balance Sheet	FSA001/FINREP (Notes 2 and 29)	FSA001 (Note 2)	FSA029	Section A RMAR
Income Statement	FSA002/FINREP (Notes 2 and 29)	FSA002 (Note 2)	FSA030	Section B RMAR
Capital Adequacy	COREP (Note 29)	FSA003 (Note 2)	FSA032	Section D1 62 RMAR (Note 23) 50 50
Credit risk	COREP (Note 29)	FSA004 (Notes 2, 3)
Market risk	COREP (Note 29)	FSA005 (Notes 2, 4)
Market risk - supplementary	FSA006 (note 5)	FSA006 (Note 5)
Operational risk	COREP (Note 29)
Large exposures	COREP (Note 29)
Exposures between core UK group and non-core large exposures group	FSA018 (note 12)
Solo consolidation data	FSA016	FSA016
Pillar 2 questionnaire	FSA019 (note 8)	FSA019 (Note 8)
Non-EEA sub-group	COREP (Note 29)	FSA028 (Note 9)
Professional indemnity insurance (note 15)	Section E RMAR	Section E RMAR		Section E RMAR	Section E RMAR
Threshold Conditions			Section F RMAR	Section F RMAR
Training and Competence	Section G RMAR	Section G RMAR	Section G RMAR	Section G RMAR	Section G RMAR
COBS data	Section H RMAR	Section H RMAR	Section H RMAR	Section H RMAR	Section H RMAR
Client money and client assets	Section C RMAR	Section C RMAR	Section C RMAR	Section C RMAR
Fees and levies	Section J RMAR	Section J RMAR	Section J RMAR	Section J RMAR
Adviser charges	Section K RMAR (Note 26)	Section K RMAR (Note 26)	Section K RMAR (Note 26)	Section K RMAR (Note 26)	Section K RMAR (Note 26)
86Pension Transfer Specialist advice	86Section M RMAR (see note 30)	86Section M RMAR (see note 30)	86Section M RMAR (see note 30)	86Section M RMAR (see note 30)	86Section M RMAR (see note 30)
IRB portfolio risk	FSA045 (note 13)	FSA045 (Note 13)
Securitisation: non-trading book	COREP (note 29)	FSA046 (Note 14)
Daily Flows	FSA047/COREP (Notes 16, 19, 21, 24 and 29)
Enhanced Mismatch Report	FSA048/COREP (Notes 16, 19, 21, 24 and 29)
Liquidity Buffer Qualifying Securities	FSA050/COREP (Notes 17, 20, 21, 24 and 29)
Funding Concentration	FSA051/COREP (Notes 17, 20, 21, 24 and 29)
Pricing data	FSA052/COREP (Notes 17, 20, 21, 24 and 29)
Retail and corporate funding	FSA053/COREP (Notes 17, 20, 21, 24 and 29)
Currency Analysis	FSA054/COREP (Notes 17, 20, 21, 24 and 29)
Systems and Controls Questionnaire	FSA055/COREP (Notes 18, 24 and 29)	FSA055 (Notes 18 and 24)
Securitisation: trading book	COREP (Note 29)	FSA058 (Note 22)
Supplementary capital data for collective portfolio management investment firms	FIN067 (Note 28)	FIN068 (Note 28)
Note 1	When submitting the completed data item required, a firm must use the format of the data item set out in SUP 16 Annex 24 R, or SUP 16 Annex 18A R in the case of the RMAR. Guidance notes for completion of the data items are contained in SUP 16 Annex 25 G, or SUP 16 Annex 18B G in the case of the RMAR.
Note 2	Firms that are members of a UK consolidation group are also required to submit this report on a UK consolidation group basis.
Note 3	This applies to a firm that is required to submit data item FSA003 and, at any time within80 the 12 months up to its latest accounting reference date ("the relevant period"), was reporting data item FSA004 ("Firm A") or not reporting this item ("Firm B"). In the case of Firm A it must report this data item if one or both of its last two submissions in the relevant period show that the threshold was exceeded. In the case of Firm B it must report this item if both the last two submissions in the relevant period show that the threshold has been exceeded. The threshold is exceeded where data element 77A in data item FSA003 is greater than £10 million, or its currency equivalent, at the relevant reporting date for the firm. 55 55
Note 4	This applies to a firm that is required to submit data item FSA003 and, at any time within the 12 months up to its latest accounting reference date ("the relevant period"), was reporting data item FSA005 ("Firm A") or not reporting this item ("Firm B"). In the case of Firm A it must report this data item if one or both of its last two submissions in the relevant period show that the threshold was exceeded. In the case of Firm B it must report this item if both the last two submissions in the relevant period show that the threshold has been exceeded. The threshold is exceeded where data element 93A in data item FSA003 is greater than £50 million, or its currency equivalent, at the relevant reporting date for the firm.
Note 5	Only applicable to firms with a VaR model permission.
Note 6	[deleted]
Note 7	[deleted]
Note 8	Only applicable to IFPRU investment firms and BIPRU firms that: (a) are subject to consolidated supervision under BIPRU 8, except those that are either included within the consolidated supervision of a group that includes a UK credit institution, or that have been granted an investment firm consolidation waiver; or (b) have been granted an investment firm consolidation waiver; or (c) are not subject to consolidated supervision under BIPRU 8. An IFPRU investment firm and a BIPRU firm under (a) must complete the report on the basis of its UK consolidation group. An IFPRU investment firm and a BIPRU firm under (b) or (c) must complete the report on the basis of its solo position.
Note 9	This will be applicable to firms that are members of a UK consolidation group on the reporting date.
Note 10	[deleted]55 55
Note 11	Only applicable to a firm that is a sole trader or a partnership, when the report must be submitted by each partner.
Note 12	Only applicable to a firm that has both a core UK group and a non-core large exposures group.
Note 13	Only applicable to firms that have an IRB permission.
Note 14	Only applicable to firms that hold securitisation positions, or are the originator or sponsor of securitisations of non-trading book exposures.
Note 15	This item only applies to firms that are subject to an FCA requirement to hold professional indemnity insurance and are not exempt CAD firms.
Note 16	A firm must complete this item separately on each of the following bases (if applicable). (1) It must complete it on a solo basis. Therefore even if it has a solo consolidation waiver it must complete the item on an unconsolidated basis by reference to the firm alone. (2) If it is a group liquidity reporting firm in a DLG by default and is a UK lead regulated firm, it must complete the item on the basis of that group. (3) If it is a group liquidity reporting firm in a UK DLG by modification, it must complete the item on the basis of that group. (4) If it is a group liquidity reporting firm in a non-UK DLG by modification, it must complete the item on the basis of that group.
Note 17	A firm must complete this item separately on each of the following bases that are applicable. (1) It must complete it on a solo basis unless it is a group liquidity reporting firm in a UK DLG by modification. Therefore even if it has a solo consolidation waiver it must complete the item on an unconsolidated basis by reference to the firm alone. (2) If it is a group liquidity reporting firm in a UK DLG by modification, it must complete the item on the basis of that group.
Note 18	If it is a non-ILAS BIPRU firm, it must complete it on a solo basis. Therefore even if it has a solo consolidation waiver it must complete the item on an unconsolidated basis by reference to the firm alone.
Note 19	(1) This item must be reported in the reporting currency. (2) If any data element is in a currency or currencies other than the reporting currency, all currencies (including the reporting currency) must be combined into a figure in the reporting currency. (3) In addition, all material currencies (which may include the reporting currency) must each be recorded separately (translated into the reporting currency). However if: (a) the reporting frequency is (whether under a rule or under a waiver) quarterly or less than quarterly; or (b) the only material currency is the reporting currency; (3) does not apply. (4) If there are more than three material currencies for this data item, (3) only applies to the three largest in amount. A firm must identify the largest in amount in accordance with the following procedure. (a) For each currency, take the largest of the asset or liability figure as referred to in the definition of material currency. (b) Take the three largest figures from the resulting list of amounts. (5) The date as at which the calculations for the purposes of the definition of material currency are carried out is the last day of the reporting period in question. (6) The reporting currency for this data item is whichever of the following currencies the firm chooses, namely USD (the United States Dollar), EUR (the euro), GBP (sterling), JPY (the Japanese Yen), CHF (the Swiss Franc), CAD (the Canadian Dollar) or SEK (the Swedish Krona).
Note 20	Note 19 applies, except that paragraphs (3), (4) and (5) do not apply, meaning that material currencies must not be recorded separately.
Note 21	Any changes to reporting requirements caused by a firm receiving an intra-group liquidity modification (or a variation to one) do not take effect until the first day of the next reporting period applicable under the changed reporting requirements for the data item in question if the firm receives that intra-group liquidity modification or variation part of the way through such a period. If the change is that the firm does not have to report a particular data item or does not have to report it at a particular reporting level, the firm must nevertheless report that item or at that reporting level for any reporting period that has already begun. This paragraph is subject to anything that the intra-group liquidity modification says to the contrary.
Note 22	Only applicable to firms that hold securitisation positions in the trading book and/ or are the originator or sponsor of securitisations held in the trading book.
Note 23	Where a firm submits data items for both RAG 7 and RAG 9, the firm must complete Section D1.73
Note 24	FSA047, FSA048, FSA050, FSA051, FSA052, FSA053 and FSA054 must be completed by an ILAS BIPRU firm. An ILAS BIPRU firm does not need to complete FSA055. A non-ILAS BIPRU firm must complete FSA055 and does not need to complete FSA047, FSA048, FSA050, FSA051, FSA052, FSA053 and FSA054.
Note 25	This data item must be reported only in the currencies named in FSA052, so that liabilities in GBP are reported in GBP in rows 1 to 4, those in USD are reported in USD in rows 5 to 8, and those in Euro are reported in Euro in rows 9 to 12. Liabilities in other currencies are not to be reported.
Note 26	This item only applies to firms that provide advice on retail investment products and P2P agreements 67.
Note 27	[deleted]51
Note 28	Only applicable to firms that are collective portfolio management investment firms.
Note 29	Requirements under COREP and FINREP should be determined with reference to the EU CRR and applicable technical standards.
86Note 30	86Only applicable to firms in relation to advice on the merits of a pension transfer or a pension conversion from pension arrangements with safeguarded benefits (other than guaranteed annuity rates).

SUP 16.12.28AR04/06/2019

2The applicable data items, reporting frequencies and submission deadlines referred to in SUP 16.12.4 R are set out in the table below. Reporting frequencies are calculated from a firm's accounting reference date, unless indicated otherwise. The due dates are the last day of the periods given in the table below following the relevant reporting frequency period.

Description of data item 11	Data item 11 (note 1)	Frequency		Submission deadline
		Annual regulated business revenue up to and including £5 million	Annual regulated business revenue over £5 million
Balance Sheet	Section A RMAR	Half yearly	Quarterly	30 business days
Income Statement	Section B RMAR	Half yearly	Quarterly	30 business days
Capital Adequacy (note 3)58	Section D1 RMAR	Half yearly	Quarterly	30 business days
Professional indemnity insurance (note 2)11	Section E RMAR	Half yearly	Quarterly 11 11	30 business days
Threshold Conditions	Section F RMAR	Half yearly	Half yearly	30 business days
Training and Competence	Section G RMAR	Half yearly	Half yearly	30 business days
COBS11 data	Section H RMAR	Half yearly	Half yearly	30 business days
Supplementary product sales data	Section I RMAR	Half yearly11 11	Annually	30 business days
Client money and client assets (note 3)58	Section C RMAR	Half yearly	Quarterly	30 business days
Fees and levies	Section J RMAR	Annually	Annually	30 business days
Note 1	When submitting the completed data item required, a firm must use the format of the data item set out in SUP 16 Annex 18A. Guidance notes for the completion of the data items is set out in SUP 16 Annex 18B.
11Note 2	This item only applies to firms that may be subject to an FCA 80 requirement to hold professional indemnity insurance and are not exempt CAD firms. 68
58Note 3	This item does not apply to firms who only carry on home finance mediation activities exclusively in relation to second charge regulated mortgage contracts or legacy CCA mortgage contracts (or both)66 and who are not otherwise expected to complete it by virtue of carrying out other regulated activities. This item also does not apply if the firm is a P2P platform operator facilitating home finance transactions and is not required to submit it by virtue of carrying out other regulated activities. 83

IPRU-INV 11.1.4G30/12/2015

(1) This chapter amplifies threshold condition 2D (Appropriate resources) by providing that a firm must meet, on a continuing basis, a minimum capital resources requirement. This chapter also amplifies Principles 3 and 4 which require a firm to take reasonable care to organise and control its affairs responsibly and effectively with adequate risk management systems, and to maintain adequate financial resources by setting out a capital resources requirement for a firm according

EG 8.2.601/03/2016

1Examples of circumstances in which the FCA will consider varying a firm'sPart 4A permission because it has serious concerns about a firm, or about the way its business is being or has been conducted include where: (1) in relation to the grounds for exercising the power under section 55J(1)(a) or section 55L(2)(a) of the Act, the firm appears to be failing, or appears likely to fail, to satisfy the threshold conditions relating to one or more, or all, of its regulated activities,

MIPRU 4.1.15G01/01/2007

Capital has an important role to play in protecting consumers and complements the roles played by professional indemnity insurance and client money protection (see the client money rules). Capital provides a form of protection for situations not covered by a firm's professional indemnity insurance and it provides the funds for the firm's PII excess, which it has to pay out of its own finances (see MIPRU 3.2.11 R and MIPRU 3.2.12 R for the relationship between the firm's capital

SUP 15.13.4G21/03/2016

The circumstances in which a CBTL firm which does not have a Part 4A permission should notify the FCA include but are not limited to when:(1) it ceases to carry on CBTL business and does not propose to resume carrying on CBTL business in the immediate future; this does not include circumstances where the CBTL firm temporarily withdraws its products from the market or is preparing to launch fresh products; or(2) it changes its registered office or place of residence as the case

CREDS 10.1.3G13/12/2018

Module	Relevance to Credit Unions
The Principles for Businesses (PRIN)	The Principles for Businesses (PRIN) set out 3high-level requirements 3imposed by the FCA 3. They provide a general statement of regulatory requirements. The Principles apply to all12 credit unions. In applying the Principles to credit unions, the FCA 3 will be mindful of proportionality. In practice, the implications are likely to vary according to the size and complexity 3of the credit union. 12 12 12 12 12
Senior Management Arrangements, Systems and Controls (SYSC)	SYSC 1,3SYSC 4 to 10 and SYSC 213 apply to all credit unions in respect of the carrying on of their regulated activities and unregulated activities in a prudential context. SYSC 23 (Senior managers and certification regime: Introduction and classification), SYSC 24 (Senior managers and certification regime: Allocation of prescribed responsibilities), SYSC 25 (Senior managers and certification regime: Management responsibilities maps and handover procedures and material), SYSC 26 (Senior managers and certification regime: Overall and local responsibility), SYSC 27 (Senior managers and certification regime: Certification regime)7 and SYSC 18 apply to all credit unions in respect of both their regulated activities and their unregulated activities. 3 3
3Code of Conduct (COCON)	This contains rules and guidance that are directly applicable to a credit union’s SMF managers, certification employees and (from 2017) other conduct rules staff. There is also guidance for credit unions on giving their staff training about COCON.
Threshold Conditions (COND)	In order to become authorised under the Act all firms must meet the threshold conditions. The threshold conditions must be met on a continuing basis by credit unions. Failure to meet one of the conditions is sufficient grounds for the exercise by the FCA 3 of its powers. 12 12 12
3	3 12 3 12
The Fit and Proper test for Employees and Senior Personnel7 (FIT)	The purpose of FIT is to set out and describe the criteria that a firm should3 consider when assessing the fitness and propriety of a person (1)3 in respect of whom an application is being made for approval to undertake a controlled function under the senior managers7 regime, (2)3 who has already been approved, (3) who is a certification employee or (4) whom a firm is considering appointing to be a certification employee 3. It also sets out and describes criteria that the FCA will consider when assessing the fitness and propriety of a candidate for a controlled function position and that it may consider when assessing the continuing fitness and propriety of approved persons.3 12 3 12
General Provisions (GEN)	GEN contains rules and guidance on general matters, including interpreting the Handbook, statutory status disclosure, the FCA's 3 logo and insurance against financial penalties. 12
Fees manual (FEES)	This manual sets out the fees applying to credit unions.
3Prudential sourcebook for Mortgage and Home Finance Firms, and Insurance Intermediaries (MIPRU)	MIPRU applies to any credit union carrying out insurance distribution activity 5 or home finance mediation activity, or using these services. In particular, it sets out requirements for allocation of responsibility for the credit union’s insurance distribution activity 5 (MIPRU 2), for the use of home finance intermediaries (MIPRU 5) and for professional indemnity insurance (MIPRU 3).
Conduct of Business sourcebook (COBS)	A credit union which acts as a CTF provider or provides a cash-deposit ISA will need to be aware of the relevant requirements in COBS. COBS 4.6 (Past, simulated past and future performance), COBS 4.7.1 R (Direct offer financial promotions), COBS 4.10 (Systems and controls and approving and communicating financial promotions), COBS 13 (Preparing product information) and COBS 14 (Providing product information to clients) apply with respect to accepting deposits as set out in those provisions, COBS 4.1 and BCOBS. A credit union that communicates with clients, including in a financial promotion, in relation to the promotion of deferred shares and credit union subordinated debt will need to be aware of the requirements of COBS 4.2 (Fair, clear and not misleading communications) and COBS 4.5 (Communicating with retail clients).4
3Insurance: Conduct of Business sourcebook (ICOBS)	ICOBS applies to any credit union carrying on non-investment insurance distribution5 activities, such as arranging or advising on general insurance contracts to be taken out by members. But ICOBS does not apply to a credit union taking out an insurance policy 5 for itself, such as a policy 5 against default by members on their loans where the credit union is the beneficiary of the policy 5, since in this circumstance the credit union would not be acting as an insurance intermediary, but would itself be the customer. Credit unions are reminded that they are subject to the requirements of the appropriate legislation, including the Credit Unions Act 1979, relating to activities a credit union may carry on.
3Mortgages and Home Finance: Conduct of Business sourcebook (MCOB)	MCOB applies to any credit union that engages in any home finance activity. MCOB rules cover advising and selling standards, responsible lending (including affordability assessment), charges, and the fair treatment of customers in payment difficulties.
Banking: Conduct of Business sourcebook (BCOBS)	BCOBS sets out rules and guidance for credit unions on how they should conduct their business with their customers. In particular there are rules and guidance relating to communications with banking customers 3and financial promotions (BCOBS 2), distance communications (BCOBS 3), information to be communicated to banking customers 3(BCOBS 4), post sale requirements (BCOBS 5), and cancellation (BCOBS 6). 3The rules in BCOBS 3.1 that relate to distance contracts may apply 3to a credit union. This is because the Distance Marketing Directive 3applies where there is "an organised distance sales or service-provision scheme run by the supplier" (Article 2(a)), i.e. if the credit union routinely sells any of its services by post, telephone, fax or the internet3.
Supervision manual (SUP)	The following provisions of SUP are relevant to credit unions: 13SUP 1A13 (The FCA’s 3 approach to supervision), SUP 2 (Information gathering by the FCA or PRA 3 on its own initiative), SUP 3.1 to SUP 3.8 (Auditors), SUP 5 (Skilled persons), SUP 6 (Applications to vary or cancel Part 4A12permission), SUP 7 (Individual requirements), SUP 8 (Waiver and modification of rules), SUP 9 (Individual guidance), 13SUP 10C (FCA senior managers7 regime for approved persons in SMCR firms7), SUP 11 (Controllers and Close links), SUP 15 (Notifications to the FCA or PRA 3) and SUP 16 (Reporting Requirements). Credit unions are reminded that they are subject to the requirements of the Act and SUP 11 on close links, and are bound to notify the FCA 3 of changes. It may be unlikely, in practice, that credit unions will develop such relationships. It is possible, however, that a person may acquire close links with a 3 credit union 3 within the meaning of the Act by reason of holding the prescribed proportion of deferred shares in the credit union. In relation to SUP 16, credit unions are exempted from the requirement to submit annual reports of 3 close links. 12 12 12 12 12 13 3 12 12 12 12
3Consumer Credit sourcebook (CONC)	CONC contains rules that apply to firms carrying on credit-related regulated activities. PERG 2.7.19IG provides guidance on relevant exemptions. Most credit union lending is therefore outside the scope of CONC. However, subject to the constraints in the Credit Unions Act 1979 or the Credit Unions (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 (as relevant), credit unions may undertake credit-related regulated activities to which CONC does apply if the activity is carried out by way of business. This could include lending under a borrower-lender-supplier agreement, or debt adjusting or debt counselling where the credit union is not the lender. A credit union carrying on such activities should consider whether it requires permission to do so. Further information can be found on the FCA’s website.
Decision, Procedure and Penalties manual (DEPP)	DEPP is relevant to credit unions because it sets out: (1) the FCA's 12 decision-making procedure for giving statutory notices. These are warning notices, decision notices and supervisory notices (DEPP 1.2 to DEPP 5); and (2) the FCA's 12 policy with respect to the imposition and amount of penalties under the Act (see DEPP 6). 12 12
Dispute Resolution: Complaints (DISP)	DISP sets out rules and guidance in relation to treating complainants fairly and the Financial Ombudsman Service.
Compensation (COMP)	COMP sets out rules relating to the scheme for compensating consumers when authorised firms are unable, or likely to be unable, to satisfy claims against them.12
6General guidance on Benchmark Administration, Contribution and Use (BENCH)	BENCH provides guidance about which parts of the Handbook are relevant to a firm when carrying out benchmark activities and when using a benchmark. It also provides guidance about the benchmarks regulation.
The Enforcement Guide (EG)	The Enforcement Guide (EG) describes the FCA's 12 approach to exercising the main enforcement powers given to it by the Act and by other legislation.2 12
Financial Crime Guide: A firm’s guide to countering financial crime risks (FCG) and Financial Crime Thematic Reviews (FCTR)8	FCG and FCTR provide8 guidance on steps that a firm can take to reduce the risk that it might be used to further financial crime.

MIPRU 4.3.1R01/01/2007

This section contains provisions relating to the calculation of annual income for the purposes of: (1) the limits of indemnity for professional indemnity insurance; and(2) the capital resources requirements.

SUP 12.4.10AR21/03/2016

10Before a firm appoints a person as an appointed representative to carry on an MCD credit intermediation activity, it must ensure that the person has, and will maintain on a continuing basis after appointment, professional indemnity insurance in accordance with the rules applicable to MCD credit intermediaries. A firm will satisfy this requirement if:(1) the appointed representative has professional indemnity insurance which satisfies the rules in MIPRU 3.2 applicable to the

Related provisions for IPRU-INV 13.1.20

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