Related provisions for PERG 4.10A.25

1 - 20 of 34 items.

Search Term(s)

Filter by Topics

Filter by Modules

Filter by Documents

Filter by Keywords

Effective Period

Similar To

To access the FCA Handbook Archive choose a date between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2004 (From field only).

PERG 4.10A.3GRP
The Regulated Activities Order refers to credit intermediaries (PERG 4.10A.2G (1)(b)) and providers of advisory services (PERG 4.10A.2G (1)(c)) as mortgage intermediaries.
PERG 4.10A.7GRP
In relation to a regulated mortgage contract, mortgage creditor means a person who grants or promises to grant credit falling within the scope of the definition of a regulated mortgage contract in the course of its trade, business or profession.
PERG 4.10A.8GRP
Therefore, article 4(4B) means that the Regulated Activities Order exclusions in PERG 4.10A.2G (3) do not apply to entering into a regulated mortgage contract as lender unless: (1) the regulated mortgage contract falls outside the MCD (see PERG 4.10A.5 G); or(2) the lender is not acting in the course of his trade, business or profession.
PERG 4.10A.12GRP
A credit intermediary means a person who:(1) is not acting as a creditor or notary; and(2) is not merely introducing, either directly or indirectly, a consumer to a creditor or credit intermediary; and(3) carries out the following activities:(a) presenting or offering regulated mortgage contracts to consumers; (b) assisting consumers by undertaking preparatory work or other pre-contractual administration in respect of regulated mortgage contracts, other than as referred to in
PERG 4.10A.14GRP
(1) A person who merely introduces or refers a consumer to a creditor or credit intermediary does not act as a credit intermediary.(2) An example of a person who merely introduces is someone who just indicates to a potential borrower:(a) the existence of a creditor or credit intermediary; or(b) a type of product provided by a particular creditor or credit intermediary;without further advertising or engaging in the presentation, offering, preparatory work or conclusion of the regulated
PERG 4.10A.15GRP
In the FCA's view, credit intermediation under the MCD covers the same activities as the regulated activity of arranging (bringing about) regulated mortgage contracts, except that: (1) credit intermediation only applies if the intermediary acts for remuneration; and(2) the MCD does not cover the regulated mortgage contracts listed in PERG 4.10A.5 G; and(3) the MCD only applies to services provided to consumers;(4) if the intermediary only acts for the creditor, the MCD intermediation
PERG 4.10A.18GRP
Article 4(4B) is not relevant to an intermediary that carries on its activities by way of business (see PERG 4.3.3 G to PERG 4.3.9 G) but does not act for remuneration. The FCA does not expect this distinction to apply in practice.
MCOB 5.1.3RRP
(1) This chapter applies if a firm:(a) advises a particular5customer to enter into, or arranges an execution-only sale in,5 a home finance transaction2; or52(b) provides information to a customer that is specific to the amount to be provided on a particular home finance transaction2, including information provided in response to a request from a customer; or2(c) provides the means for a customer to make an application to it;in connection with entering into, or agreeing to enter
MCOB 5.1.7GRP
(1) MCOB 5.1.3 R means that this chapter applies where the customer can apply to enter into a home finance transaction2. This includes circumstances where, for example, the means to apply is provided in person, by telephone, through a website or through an application pack sent through the post.2(2) The effect of this chapter is to require a customer to be provided with key information about a home finance transaction before he submits an application to a home finance provide
FEES 6.5A.2RRP
[deleted]322
FEES 6.5A.7RRP

[deleted]2

MCOB 10.4.3GRP
(1) MCOB 10.4.2 R means, for example, that the following charges must be included within the total charge for credit:(a) any fee payable to a mortgage intermediary for arranging the contract (see MCOB 10.4.2 R(2)); and(b) any higher lending charge.(2) The FCA takes the view that charges required to be included within the total charge for credit should not be excluded on the basis of these charges being refundable in certain circumstances. (3) The FCA also takes the view that the
MCOB 10.4.4RRP
(1) The amounts of the following items are not included in the total charge for credit in relation to an agreement:(a) any charge payable under the transaction to the firm upon failure by the customer to do or to refrain from doing anything which he is required to do or to refrain from doing;(b) any charge:(i) which is payable by the firm to any person upon failure by the customer to do or to refrain from doing anything which he is required under the transaction to do or to refrain
FEES 6.7.6RRP
If a firm ceases to be a participant firm or carry out activities within one or more classes54 part way through a financial year6 of the compensation scheme:44(1) it will remain liable for any unpaid levies which the FSCS has already made on the firm; and41(2) the FSCS may make one or more levies4 upon it (which may be before or after the firm5 has ceased to be a participant firm or carry out activities within one or more classes5,4 but must be before it ceases to be an authorised
PERG 2.7.19FAGRP
18The exclusion referred to in PERG 2.7.19FG may 35 not be available to a firm that is an MCD firm (see PERG 4.10A (Activities regulated under the Mortgage Credit Directive)).
PERG 2.7.19GAGRP
18The exclusion referred to in PERG 2.7.19G G may 35 not be available to a firm that is an MCD firm (see PERG 4.10A (Activities regulated under the Mortgage Credit Directive)).
PERG 2.7.19JAGRP
18The exclusion referred to in PERG 2.7.19JG may 35 not (unless paragraph (7) of that provision applies)40 be available to a firm that is an MCD firm (see PERG 4.10A (Activities regulated under the Mortgage Credit Directive)).
MCOB 5A.1.2GRP
(1) MCOB 5A amplifies Principle 6 and Principle 7.(2) The purpose of MCOB 5A is to ensure that, before a consumer submits an application for a particular MCD regulated mortgage contract, they are supplied with information that makes clear: (a) its features, any linked deposits, any linked borrowing and any tied products; and (b) the price that the consumer will be required to pay under that contract, to enable the consumer to make a well-informed purchasing decision.(3) MCOB 5A
FEES 5.9.3GRP
[deleted]3838
MCOB 5.3.1RRP
A home finance provider1 must not enter into a home finance transaction1, or agree to do so, with a customer unless the customer has submitted an application for that particular home finance transaction.11
MCOB 4.11.4ARRP
2In assessing whether the regulated sale and rent back agreement is appropriate to the needs and circumstances of the customer for the purposes of MCOB 4.11.3CR (1)(b), as a minimum requirement a firm must consider the following list of factors:(1) whether it is appropriate for the customer to sell his property for a price less than its value (as determined by the valuation which is required by MCOB 6.9.2 R, including where applicable a valuation obtained by the SRB agreement
MCOB 4.11.7GRP
(1) A consideration of the customer's benefits position will need to focus on whether, by entering into the proposed regulated sale and rent back agreement, his entitlement to means-tested benefit will be adversely affected because of his receipt of the net proceeds of sale (if any) of the property. The customer's possible loss of entitlement to claim housing benefit should also be assessed. Where a firm has insufficient knowledge of means-tested and housing benefits to reach
SUP 3.1.1AGRP
9For the avoidance of doubt, this chapter does not apply to the following firms if they do not hold client money or client assets and do not appoint an auditor under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act: (1) authorised professional firms;(2) energy market participants, including oil market participants to whom IPRU(INV) 3 does not apply;(3) exempt insurance intermediaries;(4) insurance intermediaries not subject to SUP 3.1.2 R(10);(5) investment management
SUP 3.1.2RRP

Applicable sections (see SUP 3.1.1 R)

This table and the provisions in SUP 3 should be read in conjunction with GEN 2.2.23 R to GEN 2.2.25 G. In particular, the PRA does not apply any of the provisions in SUP 3 in respect of FCA-authorised persons. SUP 3.10 and SUP 3.11 are applied by the FCA only.41

(1) Category of firm

(2) Sections applicable to the firm

(3) Sections applicable to its auditor

(1)

Authorised professional firm which is required by IPRU(INV) 2.1.2R to comply with chapters 3, 519 or 13 of IPRU(INV) and which has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act9 (Notes 1 and 6)23

23192323

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8,19SUP 3.10

19

(2)

Authorised professional firm not within (1) to which the custody chapter or client money chapter applies22

172223

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7, SUP 3.11

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.10

(3)

Authorised professional firm not within (1) or (2) which has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.7

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8

(4)

Bank, building society or dormant asset fund operator40 which in each case carries on designated investment business21(Notes 2A and 6)23

2123

SUP 3.1-SUP 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.10

(5)

Bank, building society or a dormant asset fund operator40 which in each case does not carry on designated investment business21 (Note 2A)

21

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8

(5A)

Credit union

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.824

27(5B)30

CASS debt management firm unless subject to a requirement imposed under section 55L of the Act stating that it must not hold client money or such a requirement to the same effect30

SUP 3.1

SUP 3.10

SUP 3.11

SUP 3.1

SUP 3.10

33(5C)

CASS 7 loan-based crowdfunding firm

SUP 3.1-3.7, SUP 3.11

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.10

36(5D)

A CASS 13 claims management firm

SUP 3.1- 3.7, 3.11

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.10

(6)

Insurer, the Society of Lloyd's, underwriting agent or members' adviser, UK ISPV11 (Note 5)7

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8

(7)

Investment management firm,39personal investment firm (other than a small personal investment firm)39, 15securities and futures firm or collective portfolio management firm that is an external AIFM28 which, in each case, has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act9(Notes 3 and 623)17

16239282820151723

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8,19SUP 3.10

19

9(7A)

Investment management firm39, personal investment firm (other than a small personal investment firm39),28securities and futures firm39 or collective portfolio management firm that is an external AIFM28 not within (7) to which the custody chapter or client money chapter applies22

2015232815201722

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.1025

32

25

9(7B)

Collective portfolio management firm that is a 28UCITS firm13or an internally managed AIF28 (Note 6)23

13

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8,19SUP 3.10

19

13(7C)

MiFID investment firm38, which has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act (Notes 3B and 6)2320

2023

SUP 3.1 - 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.1014

17(7D)

Sole trader or partnership that is a MiFID investment firm3839(Notes 3C and 6)2320

202023

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.10

(8)

Small personal investment firm or service company which, in either case, has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.7

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8

(9)8

Home finance provider10 which has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act9

10

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.78

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.88

(10)8

Insurance intermediary (other than an exempt insurance intermediary) to which the insurance client money chapter17 (except for CASS 5.2 (Holding money as agent)) applies (see Note 4)8

17

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.78, SUP 3.1123

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.8, SUP 3.108

(11)8

Exempt insurance intermediary and insurance intermediary not subject to SUP 3.1.2 R(10) which has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.78

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.88

(12)8

Home finance intermediary10 or home finance administrator10 which has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act.

1010

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.78

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2, SUP 3.88

Note 1 = This chapter applies to an authorised professional firm in row (1) (and its auditor) as if the firm were of the relevant type in the right-hand column of IPRU(INV) 2.1.4R.

Note 2 [deleted]23

171723

Note 2A = For this purpose, designated investment business does not include either or both:

(a) dealing which falls within the exclusion in article 15 of the Regulated Activities Order (Absence of holding out etc) (or agreeing to do so); and

(b) dealing in investments as principal (or agreeing to do so):

(i) by a firm whose permission to deal in investments as principal is subject to a limitation to the effect that the firm, in carrying on this regulated activity, is limited to entering into transactions in a manner which, if the firm was an unauthorised person, would come within article 16 of the Regulated Activities Order (Dealing in contractually based investments); and

(ii) in a manner which comes within that limitation;

having regard to article 4(4) of the Regulated Activities Order (Specified activities: general23).

18

Note 3 = This note applies in relation to an oil market participant to which IPRU(INV) 3 does not apply and in relation to an energy market participant to which IPRU(INV) 3 does not apply. In SUP 3:

(a) only SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2 and SUP 3.7 are applicable to such a firm; and

(b) only SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2 and SUP 3.8 are applicable to its auditor;

and, in each case, only if it has an auditor appointed under or as a result of a statutory provision other than in the Act.

17Note 3A [deleted]23

23

20Note 3B = MiFID investment firms38 include firms that are eligible to be MiFID optional exemption firms but have chosen not to exercise the article 3 exemption. However, such firms may still benefit from the audit exemption for small companies in the Companies Act legislation39.

31

17Note 3C20 = A sole trader or a partnership that is a MiFID investment firm38 to which the custody chapter22 or client money chapter applies2220 must have its annual accounts audited.

2020202222

Note 4 = The client money audit requirement in SUP 3.1.2 R(10) therefore applies to all insurance intermediaries except:8

• those which do not hold client money or other client assets in relation to insurance distribution activities34; or 8

• those which only hold up to, but not exceeding, £30,000 of client money under a statutory trust arising under CASS 5.3.8

Insurance intermediaries which, in relation to insurance distribution activities34, hold no more than that amount of client money only on a statutory trust are exempt insurance intermediaries.8

Note (5) = In row (6):7

(a)7

SUP 3.1 - SUP 3.7 applies to a managing agent in respect of its own business and in respect of the insurance business of each syndicate which it manages; and7

(b)7

SUP 3.1, SUP 3.2 and SUP 3.8 apply to the auditors of a managing agent and the auditors of the insurance business of each syndicate which the managing agent manages.1234567

23Note 6 = Where SUP 3.11 applies to a firm, and SUP 3.10 applies to the auditor of that firm, those sections apply whether or not that firm'spermission prevents it from holding client money or custody assets and whether or not it holds client money or custody assets.A collective portfolio management firm that is an internally managed AIF is required to appoint an auditor under FUND 3.3.6R (2) (Annual report of an AIF) because the AIFM is also an AIF.28
FEES 4.4.9DRP
3To the extent that a firm4 has provided the information required by FEES 4.4.7 D to the FCA as part of its compliance with another provision of the Handbook, it is deemed to have complied with the provisions of that direction.444
PERG 8.14.40ADGRP
6Article 72D exempts any financial promotion made by an employer to an employee in relation to a staff mortgage. This is subject to certain requirements as follows:(1) where the provider of the staff mortgage is an undertaking in the same group as the employer, the employer must not receive or have received, any direct financial benefit (including any commission, discount, remuneration or reduction in premium) as a result of making the communication; and(2) where the communication
PERG 8.14.40AEGRP
6Article 72E exempts any financial promotion made to an employee by or on behalf of a person (“A”) in relation to a staff mortgage. This is subject to certain requirements as follows:(1) the employer and A must have entered into a written contract specifying the terms on which the communication may be made;(2) in the case of a communication made by a person (“B”) on behalf of A, A and B must also have entered into a written contract specifying the terms on which the communication
MCOB 1.2.12RRP
In MCOB the activities of a home finance provider which would be arranging but for article 28A of the Regulated Activities Order (Arranging contracts or plans 3to which the arranger is a party), are to be treated as arranging and therefore also as home finance activities.33
MCOB 1.2.13GRP
The effect of article 28A of the Regulated Activities Order would normally mean that arrangements made by a party to a home finance transaction3 would not fall within the home finance activity3 of arranging. So in a direct sale, a home finance provider3 would not be carrying on the regulated activity of arranging but, where the transaction proceeds to completion, would instead be involved in a regulated activity comprising entering into a home finance transaction3. However, the
PERG 4.11.6AGRP
4The exclusion for overseas persons described in PERG 4.11.6 G does not apply where the overseas person is a mortgage intermediary whose home Member State is the United Kingdom. A mortgage intermediary is defined in PERG 4.10A.3 G.
SUP 2.1.2AGRP
6CBTL firms are subject to a duty to deal with the FCA in an open and co-operative manner under article 18(1)(d) of the MCD Order. SUP 2.3 applies to CBTL firms in relation to complying with that duty as though:(1) a reference to firm included a reference to a CBTL firm;(2) a reference to the regulatory system were a reference to the provisions of the MCD Order, rules, directions and guidance applicable to CBTL firms;(3) a reference to Principle 11 were a reference to the duty
MCOB 5.5.1ARRP
1A firm need not provide an illustration:(1) in relation to a direct deal; (2) if the customer refuses to disclose key information (for example, in a telephone conversation, his name or a communication address) or where the customer is not interested in pursuing the enquiry; or(3) if the firm does not wish to do business with the customer.
SUP 16.1.3RRP

Application of different sections of SUP 16 (excluding49 SUP 16.13, SUP 16.15, 60SUP 16.22 and56 SUP 16.2656)50534266393927

8889999

(1) Section(s)

(2) Categories of firm to which section applies

(3) Applicable rules and guidance

SUP 16.1,SUP 16.2andSUP 16.3

All categories of firm except:

Entire sections

(a)

an ICVC;

(b)

[deleted]51

51

51

20

51

51

49

51

3

51

141439

51

39

51

(c)

[deleted]51

SUP 16.4 and SUP 16.52

All categories of firm except:

Entire sections

(-a)

a credit union;2

(a)

an ICVC;

(b)

[deleted]51

(c)

[deleted]51

(d)

a non-directive friendly society;

(e)4

[deleted]4

(f)

a sole trader;

(g)

a service company;

(h)

[deleted]51

88

(i)8

a firm with permission to carry on only retail investment activities;8

(ia)38

a firm with permission only to advise on P2P agreements (unless that activity is carried on exclusively with or for professional clients);38

(j)8

a firm with permission to carry on only insurance distribution activity52, home finance mediation activity,16 or both;8

16

(ja)30

an FCA-authorised person with permission to carry on only credit-related regulated activity;

48(jb)

a firm with permission to carry on only regulated claims management activities;

58(jc)

a firm with permission to carry on only funeral plan distribution;

(k)8

a firm falling within a combination of (i), (ia), (j), (ja), (jb) and (jc)58.

30483830

46(l)

a firm with permission to carry on only the regulated activity of administering a benchmark;

SUP 16.6

Bank

27

SUP 16.6.4 R to SUP 16.6.5 R

41

41

36

41

41

2628

41

28

41

28

Depositary of an authorised fund41

SUP 16.6.6R to SUP 16.6.11R41

33SUP 16.7A

A firm subject to the requirement in SUP 16.7A.3 R or SUP 16.7A.5 R

Sections as relevant

SUP 16.8

Insurer with permission to effect or carry out life policies, unless it is a non-directive friendly society3

Entire section

3Firm with permission to establish, operate or wind up a personal pension scheme or a stakeholder pension scheme14

14

Entire section3
5 5 5

SUP 16.109

All categories of firm except:9

Entire section9

(a)9

an ICVC;9and51

(b)9

[deleted]51

2142

(c)9

[deleted]42

219

21(d)

a dormant asset fund operator61.

32SUP 16.11

(1)

A firm, other than a managing agent, which is:

(a)

a home finance provider; or

Entire section

(b)

an insurer; or

Entire section

(c)

the operator of a regulated collective investment scheme or an investment trust savings scheme; or

Entire section

(d)

a person who issues or manages the relevant assets of the issuer of a structured capital-at-risk product; or

Entire section

(e)

one of the following:64

64(i)

a non-threshold short-term loan firm;

SUP 16.11.1R(1), SUP 16.11.3R(1), SUP 16.11.5R, SUP 16 Annex 20R and SUP 16 Annex 21R.

64(ii)

a threshold 1 category A firm;

Entire section

64(iii)

a threshold 1 category B firm;

Entire section

64(iv)

a threshold 2 category A firm; or

Entire section

64(v)

a threshold 2 category B firm.

Entire section

(2)

a firm in whom the rights and obligations of the lender under a regulated mortgage contract are vested.

The provisions governing performance data reports in SUP 16.11 and SUP 16 Annex 21

17SUP 16.12

A firm undertaking the regulated activities as listed in SUP 16.12.4 R, unless exempted in SUP 16.12.1 G

Sections as relevant to regulated activities as listed in SUP 16.12.4 R23

232425SUP 16.14

A CASS large firm and a CASS medium firm

Entire section29

29SUP 16.18

A full-scope UK AIFM and a small authorised UK AIFM

SUP 16.8.3 R

[deleted]60

34		 5943

40SUP 16.23

A firm subject to the Money Laundering Regulations and within the scope of SUP 16.23.1R

Entire Section

47SUP 16.23A

A firm undertaking the regulated activities in SUP 16.23A.1R51

Entire section

43SUP 16.24

A firm with permission to effect or carry out contracts of insurance in relation to life and annuitycontracts of insurance45 to the extent that the firm and its business falls within the scope of SUP 16.24.1R.

Entire Section

48SUP 16.25

A firm with permission to carry on regulated claims management activities.

Entire section

53SUP 16.27

A firm which, in respect of general insurance contracts, is:

Entire section

(a)

an insurer;

(b)

55a

55(i) TP firm which has temporary permission; or

55 (ii) a Gibraltar-based firm, treated as having permission,

to effect contract of insurance 55 including those providing services from an establishment outside the UK with a customer in the UK55;

(c)

a managing agent; or

(d)

an insurance intermediary,

to the extent that the firm and its business falls within the scope of SUP 16.27.7R.

57SUP 16.28

A firm which, in respect of general insurance contracts, is:

Entire section

(1)

an insurer;

(2)

a managing agent;

(3)

an insurance intermediary;

(4)

a TP firm; or

(5)

a Gibraltar-based firm that is not a TP firm.

to the extent that the firm and its business falls within the scope of SUP 16.28.8R.

62SUP 16.29

A MIFIDPRU investment firm other than in the circumstances specified in SUP 16.29.1R.

Entire section

62SUP 16.30

A person who is:63

Entire section63

(1)

a firm except as specified in SUP 16.30.1R;63

(2)

an authorised electronic money institution;63

(3)

an authorised payment institution;63

(4)

a registered account information service provider;63

(5)

a small electronic money institution;63

(6)

a small payment institution;63

(7)

a UK RIE.63

SUP 16.31

A firm with approver permission.

Entire section

65SUP 16.32

A designated firm

Entire section

Note 127[deleted]26

26

27Note 2 50The application of SUP 16.13 is set out under SUP 16.13.1 G;66 the application of SUP 16.15 is set out under SUP 16.15.1 G; the application of SUP 16.16 is set out SUP 16.16.1 R and SUP 16.16.2 R the application of SUP 16.17 is set out in SUP 16.17.3 R and SUP 16.17.4 R66; and the application of SUP 16.26 is set out in SUP 16.26.1R50.

4366

29Note 3 50The application of SUP 16.18 for the types of AIFMs specified in SUP 16.1.1C G is set out in SUP 16.18.2 G.

43
MIPRU 5.1.2GRP
The purpose of this chapter is to implement article 164 of the IDD4 in relation to insurance undertakings and insurance intermediaries. The provisions of this chapter have been extended to home finance providers1 in relation to insurance distribution activity4, and to insurance undertakings and home finance providers in relation to home finance mediation activity1, to ensure that firms using these services are treated in the same way and to ensure that clients have the same protection.