Related provisions for PERG 9.7.1
- (1)
The main provision within the definition of alternative debenture arrangements that seeks to ensure that only instruments that display the characteristics of a debt security can be alternative debentures is set out at PERG 2.6.11CG (5). It provides that the amount of additional payments under the arrangements must not exceed an amount which would, at the time the bond is issued, be a reasonable commercial return on a loan of capital. Where the return is not fixed at the outset, it is the maximum possible amount of the additional payments that must be considered in deciding this question. The following example demonstrates how this condition should be approached.
- additional payments under the arrangements would exceed a reasonable commercial return on a loan of the capital.
Further, where the return is not fixed at the outset, it is the maximum possible amount of the additional payments that must be considered. Here, the issue terms of the sukuk impose no upper limit on the amount of the periodic distributions: a sakk holder subscribing 1,000 may, in a year, get back 200 or 2,000 or nothing depending on the rental market. The maximum potential return is clearly in excess of a reasonable commercial return on a loan of 1,000; and
- the arrangements have not been admitted to an official list or admitted to trading on a regulated market or recognised investment exchange (see PERG 2.6.11CG (6)).
- (2)
If, in the above example, investors returns were capped at 500 per sakk per year, then this is the amount that must be considered in deciding whether the return exceeds a reasonable commercial return on a loan, even where the amounts actually received turn out to be far lower.
- (3)
In applying the reasonable commercial return test, the sakk should be compared to a hypothetical loan to the issuer on similar terms and carrying similar risks. For example, a conventional security convertible into shares will normally carry a lower rate of interest because the conversion right has a value. The return on an exchangeable or convertible sakk should be measured against the return on an equivalent exchangeable or convertible debt security.
- (4)
The risk to investors in sukuk may vary slightly from that of a conventional bond in some instances. This may be due to the fact that sukuk holders only have recourse to the bond assets or some other structural feature which results in the risk profile being higher. In such instances it may be justifiable for the rate of return to be slightly higher than that of a conventional loan.
- (5)
As with any financial instrument, the pricing of sukuk will depend on the issuers view of the market at the time of issue and reasonable commercial return may vary depending on the issuer and the economic circumstances prevalent at the time of issue.
Example ABC Ltd is a property development company. It wishes to increase its portfolio on a short-term basis. It issues 5-year sukuk to investors and uses the proceeds to buy the head lease of a commercial property. The rental income from the lease is distributed to investors in proportion to their holdings without a cap on the level of return. After 5 years, the head lease is sold on at a profit and the proceeds shared between investors. In this example, the investors participate directly in the success or failure of the underlying property business. The sakk is not really in the nature of a debt instrument. It is unlikely to be an alternative debenture as: |
This table belongs to COLL 8.2.5 R
1 |
Description of the authorised fund |
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Information detailing: |
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(1) |
the name of the authorised fund; |
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(2) |
that the authorised fund is a qualified investor scheme; and |
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(3) |
in the case of an ICVC, whether the head office of the company is situated in England and Wales or Wales or Scotland or Northern Ireland. |
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3Property Authorised Investment Funds |
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1A |
For a property authorised investment fund, a statement that: |
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(1) |
it is a property authorised investment fund; |
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(2) |
no body corporate may seek to obtain or intentionally maintain a holding of more that 10% of the net asset value of the fund; and |
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(3) |
in the event that the authorised fund manager reasonably considers that a body corporate holds more than 10% of the net asset value of the fund, the authorised fund manager is entitled to delay any redemption or cancellation of units in accordance with 6A if the authorised fund manager reasonably considers such action to be: |
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(a) |
necessary in order to enable an orderly reduction of the holding to below 10%; and |
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(b) |
in the interests of the unitholders as a whole. |
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2 |
Constitution |
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The following statements: |
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(1) |
the scheme property of the scheme is entrusted to a depositary for safekeeping (subject to any exception permitted by the rules); |
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(2) |
if relevant, the duration of the scheme is limited and, if so, for how long; |
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(3) |
charges and expenses of the scheme may be taken out of scheme property; |
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(4) |
for an ICVC: |
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(a) |
what the maximum and minimum sizes of the scheme's capital are; and |
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(b) |
the unitholders are not liable for the debts of the company;5 6 |
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5(4A) |
for an ICVC which is an umbrella, a statement that the assets of a sub-fund belong exclusively to that sub-fund and shall not be used to discharge directly or indirectly the liabilities of, or claims against, any other person or body, including the umbrella, or any other sub-fund, and shall not be available for any such purpose;6 |
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6(4B) |
for a co-ownership scheme which is an umbrella, the property subject to a sub-fund is beneficially owned by the participants in that sub-fund as tenants in common (or, in Scotland, is the common property of the participants in that sub-fund) and must not be used to discharge any liabilities of, or meet any claims against, any person other than the participants in that sub-fund; |
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6(4C) |
for a limited partnership scheme, that the scheme prohibits pooling as is mentioned in section 235(3)(a) of the Act in relation to separate parts of the scheme property, with the effect that the scheme cannot be an umbrella; |
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(5) |
for an AUT: |
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(a) |
the trust deed: |
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(i) |
is made under and governed by the law of England and Wales, or the law of Scotland or the law of Northern Ireland; |
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(ii) |
is binding on each unitholder as if he had been a party to it and that he is bound by its provisions; and |
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(iii) |
authorises and requires the trustee and the manager to do the things required or permitted of them by its terms; |
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(b) |
subject to the provisions of the trust deed and all the rules made under section 247 of the Act (Trust scheme rules): |
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(i) |
the scheme (other than sums held to the credit of the distribution account) is held by the trustee on trust for the unitholders according to the number of units held by each unitholder or, where relevant, according to the number of individual shares in the scheme property represented by the units held by each unitholder; and |
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(ii) |
the sums standing to the credit of any distribution account are held by the trustee on trust to distribute or apply in accordance with COLL 8.5.15 R (Income); |
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(c) |
a Unitholder is not liable to make any further payment after he has paid the price of his units and that no further liability can be imposed on him in respect of the units he holds; and |
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(d) |
payments to the trustee by way of remuneration are authorised to be paid (in whole or in part) out of the scheme property; and6 6 |
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(6)6 |
for an ACS: |
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(a) |
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(i) |
is made under and governed by the law of England and Wales, or the law of Scotland or the law of Northern Ireland; |
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(ii) |
is binding on each unitholder as if he had been a party to it and that he is bound by its provisions; |
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(iii) |
authorises and requires the depositary and the authorised contractual scheme manager to do the things required or permitted of them by its terms; and |
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(iv) |
states that units may not be issued to a person other than a person7: |
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(A) |
who 7is a: |
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(i) |
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(ii) |
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(iii) |
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(B) |
to whom units in a qualified investor scheme may be promoted under COBS 4.12B.7R11; 77 |
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(v) |
states that the authorised contractual scheme manager of an ACS must redeemunits as soon as practicable after becoming aware that those units are vested in anyone (whether as a result of subscription or transfer of units) other than a person meeting the criteria in (iv)(A) and (B); |
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(vi) |
states that for a co-ownership scheme: |
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(A) |
the scheme property is beneficially owned by the participants as tenants in common (or, in Scotland, is the common property of the participants); |
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(B) |
the arrangements constituting the scheme are intended to constitute a co-ownership scheme as defined in section 235A(2) of the Act; and |
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(C) |
the operator and depositary are required to wind up the scheme if directed to do so by the FCA in exercise of its power under section 261X (Directions) or section 261Z (Winding up or merger of master UCITS) of the Act; |
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(vii) |
states: |
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(A) |
whether the transfer of units in the ACS scheme or, for a co-ownership scheme which is an umbrella (sub-funds of which pursue differing policies in relation to transfer of units), in each particular sub-fund, is either: |
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(i) |
prohibited; or |
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(ii) |
allowed; |
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(B) |
where transfer of units is allowed by the scheme or, where appropriate the sub-fund, in accordance with (A)(ii), units may only be transferred in accordance with the conditions specified by FCArules, including that units may not be transferred to a person other than a person : 7 |
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(i) |
who 7is a: |
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(1) |
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(2) |
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(3) |
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(ii) |
to whom units in a qualified investor scheme may be promoted under COBS 4.12B.7R11; and 77 |
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(viii) |
states that for a limited partnership scheme, the scheme is not dissolved on any person ceasing to be a limited partner or nominated partner provided that there remains at least one limited partner; |
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(b) |
subject to the provisions of the contractual scheme deed and all the rules made under section 261I of the Act (Contractual scheme rules) and for the time being in force: |
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(i) |
the scheme property (other than sums standing to the credit of the distribution account) is held by, or to the order of, the depositary for and on behalf of the unitholders according to the number of units held by each unitholder or, where relevant, according to the number of individual shares in the scheme property represented by the units held by each unitholder; and |
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(ii) |
the sums standing to the credit of any distribution account are held by the depositary to distribute or apply them in accordance with COLL 8.5.15 R(Income); and |
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(c) |
a unitholder in a co-ownership scheme is not liable to make any further payment after he has paid the price of his units and that no further liability can be imposed on him in respect of the units he holds; |
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(d) |
a unitholder in a limited partnership scheme is not liable for the debts or obligations of the limited partnership scheme beyond the amount of the scheme property which is available to the authorised contractual scheme manager to meet such debts or obligations, provided that the unitholder does not take part in the management of the partnership business; |
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(e) |
the exercise of rights conferred on limited partners by FCA rules does not constitute taking part in the management of the partnership business; |
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(f) |
the limited partners, other than the nominated partner, are to be the participants in the scheme; and |
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(g) |
the operator of a co-ownership scheme is authorised to: |
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(i) |
acquire, manage and dispose of the scheme property; and |
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(ii) |
enter into contracts which are binding on unitholders for the purposes of, or in connection with, the acquisition, management or disposal of scheme property. |
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3 |
Investment objectives |
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A statement of the object of the scheme, in particular the types of investments and assets in which it and each sub-fund (where applicable) may invest and that the object of the scheme is to invest in property of that kind with the aim of spreading investment risk. |
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4 |
Units in the scheme |
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A statement of: |
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(1) |
the classes of units which the scheme may issue, indicating, for a scheme which is an umbrella, which class or classes may be issued in respect of each sub-fund; and |
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(2) |
the rights attaching to units of each class (including any provisions for the expression in two denominations of such rights). |
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5 |
Limitation on issue of and redemption of units |
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Details as to: |
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(1) |
the provisions relating to any restrictions on the right to redeem units in any class; and |
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(2) |
the circumstances in which the issue of the units of any particular class may be limited. |
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6 |
Income and distribution |
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Details of the person responsible for the calculation, transfer, allocation and distribution of income for any class of unit in issue during the accounting period. |
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3Redemption or cancellation of units on breach of law or rules |
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6A |
A statement that where any holding of units by a unitholder is (or is reasonably considered by the authorised fund manager to be) an infringement of any law, governmental regulation or rule, those units must be redeemed or cancelled. |
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7 |
Base currency |
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A statement of the base currency of the scheme. |
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8 |
Meetings |
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Details of the procedures for the convening of meetings and the procedures relating to resolutions, voting and the voting rights for unitholders. |
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9 |
Powers and duties of the authorised fund manager and depositary |
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Where relevant, details of any function to be undertaken by the authorised fund manager and depositary which the rules in COLL require to be stated in the instrument constituting the fund.8 8 |
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10 |
Termination and suspension |
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Details of: |
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(1) |
the grounds under which the authorised fund manager may initiate a suspension of the scheme and any associated procedures; and |
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(2) |
the methodology for determining the rights of unitholders to participate in the scheme property on winding up. |
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110A |
Investment in overseas2 property through an intermediate holding vehicle1 |
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If investment in an overseas2 immovable is to be made through an intermediate holding vehicle or a series of intermediate holding vehicles, a statement that the purpose of that intermediate holding vehicle or series of intermediate holding vehicles will be to enable the holding of overseas2 immovables by the scheme.1 |
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11 |
Other relevant matters |
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Details of those matters which enable the scheme, authorised fund manager or depositary to obtain any privilege or power conferred by the rules in COLL which is not otherwise provided for in the instrument constituting the fund.8 8 |
Location of recognition requirements and guidance
Recognition Requirements Regulations |
Subject |
|
Regulation 6 |
Method of satisfying recognition requirements |
2.2 |
Part I of the Schedule |
UK RIE recognition requirements |
|
Paragraph 1 |
Financial resources |
2.3 |
Paragraph 2 |
Suitability |
2.4 |
5Paragraphs 2A and 2B |
Management Body |
2.4A |
Paragraphs 3, 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D, 3E, 3G and 3H5 |
Systems and controls, market making agreements, halting trading, direct electronic access, co-location services, fee structures, algorithmic trading, tick size regimes, synchronisation of business clocks5 |
2.5 |
Paragraphs 4(1), 4(2)(aa) and 4C5 22 |
General safeguards for investors and publication of data regarding execution of transactions5 |
2.6 |
Paragraph 4(2)(a) |
Access to facilities |
2.7 |
Paragraph 4(2)(c) |
Availability of relevant information |
2.12 |
Paragraph 4(2)(d) |
Settlement |
2.8 |
Paragraph 4(2)(e) |
Transaction recording |
2.9 |
2Paragraph 4(2)(ea) |
Conflicts |
2.5 |
Paragraph 4(2)(f) and 4(2)(fa)5 |
Financial crime and market abuse |
2.10 |
Paragraph 4(2)(g) |
Custody |
2.11 |
Paragraph 4(3) |
Definition of relevant information |
2.12 |
2 | ||
2 | ||
Paragraph 6 |
Promotion and maintenance of standards |
2.13 |
Paragraph 7 |
Rules and consultation |
2.14 |
Paragraphs 7A and 9ZB (regulated markets only)5 2 |
Admission of financial instruments to trading |
2.12 |
Paragraphs 7B, 7C and 9ZC (regulated markets only)5 2 |
Access to facilities |
2.7 |
5Paragraphs 7BA & 7BB |
Position management and position reporting re commodity derivatives |
2.7A |
2Paragraph 7D |
Settlement and clearing facilitation services5 |
2.8 |
Paragraphs 7E and 7F5 2 |
Suspension and removal of financial instruments from trading |
2.6 |
Paragraph 8 |
Discipline |
2.15 |
Paragraph 9 |
Complaints |
2.16 |
Paragraphs 9A, 9B, 9C, 9D, 9E, 9F, 9G, 9H and 9ZD5 2 |
Operation of a multilateral trading facility or an organised trading facility5 |
2.16A/MAR 5 and MAR 5A |
5Paragraph 9ZA (regulated markets only) |
Order execution |
2.6 |
5Paragraph 9K |
Provision of data reporting services |
2.16B/ MAR 9 |
Part II of the Schedule |
UK RIE default rules in respect of market contracts |
2.174 |