Related provisions for IPRU-INV 13.1.16
Table: Carrying on insurance distribution1 activities 'for remuneration' and 'by way of business'
Carrying on insurance distribution1 activities 'for remuneration' and 'by way of business' |
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'For remuneration' |
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Factor |
Indicators that P does not carry on activities "for remuneration" |
Indicators that P does carry on activities "for remuneration" |
Direct remuneration, whether received from the customer or the insurer/broker (cash or benefits in kind such as tickets to the opera, a reduction in other insurance premiums, a remission of a debt or any other benefit capable of being measured in money's worth) |
P does not receive any direct remuneration specifically identified as a reward for P’s carrying on insurance distribution activities1. |
P receives direct remuneration specifically identified as being a reward for P’s carrying on insurance distribution activities1. |
Indirect remuneration (such as any form of economic benefit as may be explicitly or implicitly agreed between P and the insurer/broker or P's customer – including, for example, through the acceptance of P's terms and conditions or mutual recognition of the economic benefit that is likely to accrue to P). An indirect economic benefit can include expectation of making a profit of some kind as a result of carrying on insurance distribution activities1 as part of other services. |
P does not obtain any form of indirect remuneration through an economic benefit other than one which is not likely to have a material effect on P's ability to make a profit from P’s1 other activities. |
P obtains an economic benefit that: (a) is explicitly or implicitly agreed between P and the insurer/broker or P's customer; and (b) has the potential to go beyond mere cost recovery through fees or other benefits received for providing a package of services that includes insurance distribution activities1 but where no particular part of the fees is attributable to insurance distribution activities1. This could include where insurance distribution activities1 are likely to:
P charges 1customers a greater amount for other goods or services than would be the case if P were not also carrying on insurance distribution activities1 for those customers and this:
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Recovery of costs |
P receives no benefits of any kind (direct or indirect) in respect of his insurance distribution activities1 beyond the reimbursement of his actual costs incurred in carrying on the activity (including receipt by P of a sum equal to the insurance premium that P is to pass on to the insurer or broker). |
P receives benefits of any kind (direct or indirect) in respect of his insurance distribution activities1 which go beyond the reimbursement of his actual costs incurred in carrying on the activity. |
'By way of business' |
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Factor |
Indicators that P does not carry on activities "by way of business" |
Indicators that P does carry on activities "by way of business" |
Regularity/ frequency |
Involvement is one-off or infrequent (for instance, once or twice a year) provided that the transaction(s) is not of such size and importance that it is essential to the success of P's other business activities. Transactions do not result from formal arrangements (for instance, occasional involvement purely as a result of an unsolicited approach). |
Involvement is frequent (for instance, once a week). Involvement is infrequent but the transactions are of such size or importance that they are essential to the success of P's other business activities. P has formal arrangements which envisage transactions taking place on a regular basis over time (whether or not such transactions turn out in practice to be regular). |
Holding out |
P does not hold him or herself1 out as providing a professional service that includes insurance distribution activities1 ( ‘professional’ meaning ‘not the services of a layman’1). |
P holds him or herself1 out as providing a professional service that includes insurance distribution activities1. |
Relevance to other activities/ business |
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Commercial benefit |
P receives no direct or indirect pecuniary or economic benefit. P is a layman and acting in that capacity. P would not obtain materially less income from P’s1 main activities if they did not include insurance distribution activities1. |
P receives a direct or indirect pecuniary or economic benefit from carrying on insurance distribution activities1 – such as a fee, a benefit in kind or the likelihood of materially enhanced sales of other goods or services that P provides. P would obtain materially less income from P’s1 main activities if they did not include insurance distribution activities1. |