Related provisions for COBS 2.4.5

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COBS 22.3.1RRP
(1) 1The restrictions in this section apply in relation to the following investments:(a) a contingent convertible instrument; or(b) a security issued by a CoCo fund; or(c) a beneficial interest in either of (a) or (b).(2) A firm must not:(a) sell an investment to a retail client in the United Kingdom2; or(b) communicate or approve an invitation or inducement to participate in, acquire or underwrite an investment where that invitation or inducement is addressed to or disseminated
COBS 22.3.2RRP

1Each of the exemptions listed below applies only if the retail client is of the type described for the exemption and provided any additional conditions for the exemption are met.

Title

Type of retail client

Additional conditions

Certified high net worth investor

(a) An individual who meets the requirements set out in

COBS 4.12.6R; or

(b) a person (or persons) legally empowered to make investment decisions on behalf of an individual who meets the earnings or net asset requirements in (a) above.2

2

The firm must consider that the investment is likely to be suitable for that individual, based on a preliminary assessment of that individual’s profile and objectives (see COBS 4.12.5G(2)).

Certified sophisticated investor

(a) An individual who meets the requirements set out in

COBS 4.12.7R; or

(b) an individual who meets the requirements for (a) above and who is legally empowered (solely or jointly with others) to make investment decisions on behalf of another person who is the firm’s client.22

Not applicable.

Self-certified sophisticated investor

(a) An individual who meets the requirements set out in

COBS 4.12.8R; or

(b) an individual who meets the requirements for (a) above and who is legally empowered (solely or jointly with others) to make investment decisions on behalf of another person who is the firm’s client.22

The firm must consider that the investment is likely to be suitable for that individual, based on a preliminary assessment of that individual’s profile and objectives (see COBS 4.12.5G(2)).

Solicited advice

Any retail client.

The restrictions do not apply provided all of the following requirements are met:

(a) there is no invitation or inducement to participate in, acquire or underwrite the investment other than a personal recommendation on the investment;

(b) the personal recommendation is made following a specific request by that client for advice on the investment; and

(c) the client has not previously received any other communication (whether or not a financial promotion) from the firm or from a person connected to the firm which is intended to influence the client in relation to the investment.

(See Note 1)

MiFID or equivalent third country business other than financial promotions

Any retail client.

COBS 22.3.1R(2)(a) does not apply to MiFID or equivalent third country business (see COBS 9.3.5G).

Prospectus

Any retail client.

The restrictions do not apply to the distribution of a prospectus required under the Prospectus Regulation3.

Issuers

Any retail client

To the extent that the firm is acting as issuer of a contingent convertible instrument, the restrictions only apply to the original issuance of the contingent convertible instrument and not to subsequent trading in the secondary market.

Indirect investment

Any retail client

The restrictions do not apply in relation to a beneficial interest in a contingent convertible instrument acquired through participation in a regulated collective investment scheme, investment in a non-mainstream pooled investment (provided it is not a CoCo fund), or membership of an occupational pension scheme.

Note 1

A person is connected with a firm if it acts as an introducer or appointed representative for that firm or if it is any other person, regardless of authorisation status, who has a relevant business relationship with the firm.

Note 2

See COBS 2.4 for rules and guidance on agent as client and reliance on others.

COBS 22.3.3RRP
(1) For the purposes of any assessments or certifications required by the exemptions in COBS 22.3.2R, any references in COBS 4.12 provisions to non-mainstream pooled investments must be read as though they are references to contingent convertible instruments or CoCo funds, as relevant.(2) If the firm is relying on the high net worth investor, the sophisticated investor or the self-certified sophisticated investor exemption to comply with this section, the statement the investor
COBS 22.3.4GRP
A firm wishing to certify a retail client as a sophisticated investor for the purposes of this section should note that, in the FCA’s view, it is likely that the only retail clients with the requisite sophistication in relation to contingent convertible instruments or CoCo funds are those with significant experience with investment in multiple types of complex financial instruments and who have sufficient understanding of how credit institutions are run, including risks to the
COBS 22.3.5RRP
A firm which carries on an activity which is subject to this section must comply with the following record-keeping requirements:(1) the person allocated the compliance oversight function in the firm must make a record at or near the time of the activity certifying it complies with the restrictions set out in this section;(2) the making of the record required in (1) may be delegated to one or more employees of the firm who report to, and are supervised by, the person allocated
COBS 22.3.6GRP
To the extent the requirements in COBS 22.3.5R apply to the communication or approval of any invitation or inducement, such requirements are in addition to those set out in COBS 4.11.
COBS 13.1.1RRP
1A firm must prepare:2(1) a key features document for each non-PRIIP packaged product8, cash-deposit ISA, cash-only lifetime ISA7 and cash-deposit CTF it produces2; and2(2) a key features illustration for each non-PRIIP packaged product8 it produces;2in good time before 2those documents have to be provided.
COBS 13.1.2RRP
A firm must prepare the Solvency II Directive information6 for each life policy it effects:6(1) in a clear and accurate manner and in writing; and6(2) in an official language of the State of the commitment, or in another language if the policyholder so requests and the law of the State of the commitment so permits or the policyholder is free to choose the law applicable;6in good time before that information has to be provided. [Note: article 185(1) and (6) of the Solvency II
COBS 13.1.3RRP
A firm is not required to prepare:(1) a document, if another firm has agreed to prepare it; or(2) a key features document for:(a) a unit in a regulated collective investment scheme8; or 3(b) [deleted]833(c) [deleted]8(d) a stakeholder pension scheme, or personal pension scheme that is not a personal pension policy, if the information appears with due prominence in another document; or(e) an interest in an investment trust savings scheme; or8(3) 2 a key features illustration:32(a)
COBS 13.1.4RRP
[deleted]83344
COBS 9.3.1GRP
(1) A transaction may be unsuitable for a client because of the risks of the designated investments involved, the type of transaction, the characteristics of the order or the frequency of the trading.(2) In the case of managing investments, a transaction might also be unsuitable if it would result in an unsuitable portfolio.[deleted]5
COBS 9.3.2GRP
(1) A series of transactions that are each suitable when viewed in isolation may be unsuitable if the recommendation or the decisions to trade are made with a frequency that is not in the best interests of the client.(2) A firm should have regard to the client's agreed investment strategy in determining the frequency of transactions. This would include, for example, the need to switch a client within or between packaged products.[deleted]5
COBS 9.3.3GRP
When a firm is making a personal recommendation to a retail client about income withdrawals, uncrystallised funds pension lump sum payments3 or purchase of short-term annuities, it should consider all the relevant circumstances including:(1) the client's investment objectives, need for tax-free cash and state of health;(2) current and future income requirements, existing pension assets and the relative importance of the plan, given the client’s financial circumstances;(3) the
COBS 9.3.4GRP
When considering the suitability of a particular investment product which is linked directly or indirectly to any form of loan, mortgage or home reversion plan, a firm should take account of the suitability of the overall transaction. The firm should also have regard to any applicable suitability rules in MCOB.
COBS 9.3.5GRP
(1) Firms should note that restrictions and specific requirements apply to the retail distribution of certain investments:212(a) non-mainstream pooled investments are subject to a restriction on financial promotions (see section 238 of the Act and COBS 4.12);(b) non-readily realisable securities are subject to a restriction on direct offer financial promotions (see COBS 4.7);(c) contingent convertible instruments and CoCo funds are subject to a restriction on sales and on promotions
COBS 2.1.1RRP
(1) 1A firm must act honestly, fairly and professionally in accordance with the best interests of its client (the client's best interests rule).(2) This rule applies6:(a) in relation to designated investment business carried on6 for a retail client; 7(b) in relation to MiFID, equivalent third country or optional exemption business5, for any6client; and7(c) in relation to insurance distribution, for any client.7(3) For a management company, this rule applies in relation to any
COBS 2.1.2RRP
A firm must not, in any communication relating to designated investment business seek to:(1) exclude or restrict; or(2) rely on any exclusion or restriction of;any duty or liability it may have to a client under the regulatory system.
COBS 2.1.3GRP
(1) In order to comply with the client's best interests rule, a firm should not, in any communication to a retail client relating to designated investment business:(a) seek to exclude or restrict; or(b) rely on any exclusion or restriction of;any duty or liability it may have to a client other than under the regulatory system, unless it is honest, fair and professional for it to do so.(2) The general law, including the Unfair Terms Regulations (for contracts entered into before
COBS 2.1.4RRP
3A full-scope UK AIFM8must, for all AIFs it manages: (1) act honestly, fairly and with due skill care and diligence in conducting their activities;(2) act in the best interests of the AIF it manages or the investors of the AIF it manages and the integrity of the market;(3) treat all investors fairly; and(4) not allow any investor in an AIF to obtain preferential treatment, unless such preferential treatment is disclosed in the relevant AIF'sinstrument constituting the fund.[Note:
COBS 2.1.5GRP
3Articles 16 to 29 of the AIFMD level 2 regulation provide detailed rules supplementing the relevant provisions of Article 12(1) of AIFMD.
COBS 3.8.1RRP
A firm must implement appropriate written internal policies and procedures to categorise its clients. [Note: fourth paragraph of section II.2 of annex II to MiFID]
COBS 3.8.2RRP
(1) A firm must make a record of the form of each notice provided and each agreement entered into under this chapter. This record must be made at the time that standard form is first used and retained for the relevant period after the firm ceases to carry on business with clients who were provided with that form.(2) A firm must make a record in relation to each client of:(a) the categorisation established for the client under this chapter, including sufficient information to support
COBS 3.8.3GRP
If a firm provides the same form of notice to more than one client, it need not maintain a separate copy of it for each client, provided it keeps evidence of despatch of the notice to each client.
COBS 14.4.10RRP
If an intermediate Unitholder receives a reasonable request from an authorised fund manager for information relating to the beneficial owners of the units of a scheme that it operates which the authorised fund manager reasonably needs for the purposes of liquidity management, the intermediate Unitholder must provide that information to the authorised fund manager as soon as is reasonably practicable.
COBS 14.4.11GRP
Examples of information which may be reasonably requested by an authorised fund manager include:(1) a breakdown of the total number of units held by the intermediate Unitholder in each scheme to indicate the number of units attributable to individual beneficial owners; and(2) information about the types of distribution channel which have been used to sell the units to the relevant beneficial owners.
COBS 14.4.12GRP
In determining whether a request from an authorised fund manager is reasonable, an intermediate Unitholder may take into account the frequency with which such requests have been received from that authorised fund manager.
COBS 12.1.1GRP
1The purpose of this chapter is to:2(1) 2set out specific requirements 2relating to the production and dissemination of investment research and non-independent research; and(2) 3provide guidance on matters in the 3Market Abuse Regulation relating to the disclosures to be made in, and about, 3investment recommendations.2333
COBS 12.1.2RRP
This chapter applies 2to a firm.2(1) 2[deleted](2) 2[deleted]
COBS 12.1.3GRP
[deleted]5444
COBS 9.5.1GRP
A3firm to which SYSC 9 applies 3is required to keep orderly records of its business and internal organisation (see SYSC 9, General rules on record-keeping). Other firms are 3 required to take reasonable care to establish and maintain such systems and controls as are appropriate to their 3business (see SYSC 3, Systems and controls). The records may be expected to reflect the different effect of the rules in this chapter depending on whether the client is a retail client or a professional
COBS 9.5.2RRP
A1firm must retain its records relating to suitability for a minimum of the following periods:(1) if relating to a pension transfer, pension conversion, 4pension opt-out or FSAVC, indefinitely;(2) if relating to a life policy, personal pension scheme, stakeholder pension scheme or6 benefits in a defined contribution occupational pension scheme (unless otherwise falling in (1) above),6 five years; and225(3) [deleted]5(4) in any other case, three years.
COBS 9.5.3RRP
A firm need not retain its records relating to suitability if the client does not proceed with the recommendation5
COBS 10.3.1RRP
(1) If a firm considers, on the basis of the information received to enable it to assess appropriateness, that the product or service is not appropriate to the client, the firm must warn the client.(2) This warning may be provided in a standardised format.1
COBS 10.3.2RRP
(1) If the client elects not to provide the information to enable the firm to assess appropriateness, or if he provides insufficient information regarding his knowledge and experience, the firm must warn the client that such a decision will not allow the firm to determine whether the service or product envisaged is appropriate for him.(2) This warning may be provided in a standardised format.1
COBS 10.3.3GRP
If a client asks a firm to go ahead with a transaction, despite being given a warning by the firm, it is for the firm to consider whether to do so having regard to the circumstances.
COBS 6.1G.1RRP
1If a client requests a firm (F) to transfer the title to a retail investment product which is held by F directly, or indirectly through a third party, on that client's behalf to another person (P), and F may lawfully transfer the title to that retail investment product to P, F must execute the client's request within a reasonable time and in an efficient manner.
COBS 6.1G.2RRP
A firm acting as a registrar should carry out a request by F for the re-registration of ownership of a retail investment product to P within a reasonable time.
COBS 2.2.-1RRP
(1) [deleted]51(2) This section applies in relation to5designated investment business (6other than MiFID, equivalent third country or optional exemption business or insurance distribution activities)6, carried on for a retail client: 5(a) in relation to a derivative, a warrant, a non-readily realisable security, a speculative illiquid security,7 a P2P agreement,4 or stock lending activity, but as regards the matters in COBS 2.2.1R (1)(b) only; and (b) in relation to a retail investment
COBS 2.2.1RRP
(1) A firm must provide appropriate information in a comprehensible form to a client about:(a) the firm and its services;(b) designated investments and proposed investment strategies; including appropriate guidance on and warnings of the risks associated with investments in those designated investments or in respect of particular investment strategies;(c) execution venues; and(d) costs and associated charges;so that the client is reasonably able to understand the nature and risks
COBS 2.2.2GRP
A firm to which the rule on providing appropriate information (COBS 2.2.1 R) applies should also consider the rules on disclosing information about a firm, its services, costs and associated charges and designated investments in COBS 6.1 and COBS 14.
COBS 2.2.3RRP
3A firm, other than a venture capital firm, which is managing investments for a professional client that is not a natural person must disclose clearly on its website, or if it does not have a website in another accessible form:(1) the nature of its commitment to the Financial Reporting Council’s Stewardship Code; or(2) where it does not commit to the Code, its alternative investment strategy.
COBS 3.2.1RRP
(1) A person to whom a firm provides, intends to provide or has provided:(a) a service in the course of carrying on a regulated activity; or(b) in the case of MiFID or equivalent third country business, an ancillary service,is a "client" of that firm.4(2) A "client" includes a potential client.(3) In relation to the financial promotion rules, a person to whom a financial promotion is or is likely to be communicated is a "client" of a firm that communicates or approves it.(4) A
COBS 3.2.2GRP
1(1) A corporate finance contact or a venture capital contact is not a client under the first limb of the general definition. This is because a firm does not provide a service to such a contact. However, it will be a client under the third limb of the general definition for the purposes of the financial promotion rules if the firmcommunicates or approves a financial promotion that is or is likely to be communicated to such a contact. 1(2) Communicating or approving a financial
COBS 3.2.3RRP
(1) If a firm provides services to a person that is acting as an agent, the identity of its client will be determined in accordance with the rule on agents as clients (see COBS 2.4.3 R).(2) In relation to a firm establishing, operating or winding up a personal pension scheme or a stakeholder pension scheme, a member or beneficiary of that scheme is a client of the firm.(3) If a firm that does not fall within (2) provides services to a person that is acting as the trustee of a
COBS 17.1.1RRP
1When an insurer or managing agent receives a claim under a long-term care insurance contract, it must respond promptly by providing the policyholder, or the person acting on the policyholder's behalf, with:(1) a claim form (if it requires one to be completed);(2) a summary of its claims handling procedure; and(3) appropriate information about the medical criteria that must be met, and any waiting periods that apply, under the terms of the policy.
COBS 17.1.2RRP
As soon as reasonably practicable after receipt of a claim, the insurer or managing agent must tell the policyholder, or the person acting on the policyholder's behalf:(1) (for each part of the claim it accepts), whether the claim will be settled by paying the policyholder, providing goods or services to the policyholder or paying another person to provide those goods or services; and(2) (for each part of the claim it rejects), why the claim has been rejected and whether any future
COBS 17.1.3RRP
An insurer and a managing agent must not unreasonably reject a claim.2
COBS 4.13.1RRP
(1) 1This section applies to a firm in relation to a communication to a client, including an excluded communication, that is a marketing communication within the meaning of the UCITS Directive.(2) This section does not apply to:(a) image advertising; or(b) the instrument constituting the fund2, the prospectus, the key investor information3 or the periodic reports and accounts of a UCITS scheme4.2[Note: recital (58) of the UCITS Directive]
COBS 4.13.2RRP
(1) A firm must ensure that a marketing communication that comprises an invitation to purchase units in a UCITS scheme4 and that contains specific information about the scheme:(a) makes no statement that contradicts or diminishes the significance of the information contained in the prospectus and the key investor information document4 for the scheme;(b) indicates that a prospectus exists for the scheme and that the key investor information document4 is available; and(c) specifies
COBS 4.13.3RRP
A firm must ensure that a marketing communication (other than a key investor information document4) relating to a feeder UCITS contains a statement that the feeder UCITS permanently invests at least 85% in value of its assets in units of its master UCITS.[Note: article 63(4) of the UCITS Directive]
COBS 18.11.1RRP
1COBS applies to an authorised professional firm, except that its application in relation to non-mainstream regulated activities and financial promotion is modified as set out below.
COBS 18.11.2RRP
COBS does not apply to an authorised professional firm with respect to its non-mainstream regulated activities, except that:(1) the fair, clear and not misleading rule applies;(2) the financial promotion rules apply as modified below;(3) the rules in the following parts of COBS which implemented4 the IDD apply in relation to insurance distribution activities:3(a) COBS 2.1.1R, COBS 2.2A and COBS 2.3A (Conduct of business obligations);3(b) COBS 4 (Communicating with clients, including
COBS 18.11.3RRP
The financial promotion rules do not apply to an authorised professional firm in relation to the communication of a financial promotion if:(1) the firm's main business is the practice of its profession (see IPRU(INV) 2.1.2R(3));(2) the financial promotion is made for the purposes of and incidental to the promotion or provision by the firm of its professional services or its non-mainstream regulated activities; and(3) the financial promotion is not communicated on behalf of another
COBS 18.11.4GRP
The rules on approvingfinancial promotions continue to apply.
COBS 10.4.1RRP
(1) A firm is not required to ask its client to provide information or assess appropriateness if:(a) the service only consists of execution and/or the reception and transmission of client orders, with or without ancillary services, it relates to particular financial instruments and is provided at the initiative of the client;(b) the client has been clearly informed (whether the warning is given in a standardised format or not) that in the provision of this service the firm is
COBS 10.4.2RRP
If a client engages in a course of dealings involving a specific type of product or service through the services of a firm, the firm is not required to make a new assessment on the occasion of each separate transaction. A firm complies with the rules in this chapter provided that it makes the necessary appropriateness assessment before beginning that service.1
COBS 10.4.3RRP
[deleted]1
COBS 6.1F.-1RRP
This section does not apply if the retail client is outside the United Kingdom.
COBS 6.1F.1RRP
1A firm which:2(1) arranges for retail clients to buy retail investment products or makes personal recommendations to retail clients in relation to retail investment products; and22(2) uses a platform service for that purpose;must take reasonable steps to ensure that it uses a platform service which presents its retail investment products without bias.
COBS 18.3.1RRP

The provisions of COBS in the table do not apply in respect of any corporate finance business carried on by a firm which is MiFID or equivalent third country business:

COBS

Description

36.1A

Adviser charging and remuneration

36.1B

Retail investment product provider requirements relating to adviser charging and remuneration

COBS 6.2B6

3

Describing advice services

4

4

6.4

Disclosure of charges, remuneration and commission

9.4

Suitability reports

9.6

Special rules for providing basic advice on a stakeholder product

6

6

6

2

6

COBS 16.3.76

Guidance on contingent liability transaction

16.5

Quotations for surrender values

16.6

Life insurance contracts - communications to clients

16 Annex 1 R (1) 14

Information to be provided in accordance with COBS 16.2.1 R and 16.3
COBS 18.3.2GRP

The provisions of COBS in the table are unlikely to be relevant to any corporate finance business carried on by a firm which is MiFID or equivalent third country business:

COBS

Description

5

Distance communications, except in relation to distance contracts concluded with consumers

7

Insurance distribution8

13

Preparing product information

14.2

Providing product information

15

Cancellation, except cancellation and withdrawal rights in relation to distance contracts concluded with consumers

17

Claims handling for long-term care insurance

18.1

Trustee firms' regime

18.2

Energy market activity and oil market activity

18.4

Stock lending activity

19

Pensions - supplementary provisions

20

With-profits
COBS 18.3.4GRP
COBS 15 (Cancellation) is likely to be of limited application to corporate finance business. Distance contracts concluded with consumers in the course of corporate finance business will be exempt from COBS 15 if the price of the financial service is dependent on fluctuations in the financial market outside the firm's control.
COBS 18.4.1RRP

The provisions of COBS in the table do not apply in relation to any stock lending activity carried on by a firm3:

COBS

Subject

16.1A

Adviser charging and remuneration

16.1B

Retail investment product provider requirements relating to adviser charging and remuneration

COBS 6.2B3

1

Describing advice services

2

2

6.4

Disclosure of charges, remuneration and commission

9.4

Suitability reports

9.6

Special rules for providing basic advice on a stakeholder product

3

3

COBS 16A.4.53

Guidance on contingent liability transaction

16.5

Quotations for surrender values

16.6

Life insurance contracts - communications to clients

16 Annex 1 R (1) 14

Information to be provided in accordance with COBS 16.2.1 R and 16.3
COBS 18.4.2GRP

The provisions of COBS in the table are unlikely to be relevant in relation to any stock lending activity carried on by a firm3:

COBS

Description

5

Distance communications, except in relation to distance contracts concluded with consumers

7

Insurance distribution4

13

Preparing product information

14.2

Providing product information

15

Cancellation, except cancellation and withdrawal rights in relation to distance contracts concluded with consumers

17

Claims handling for long-term care insurance

18.1

Trustee firms' regime

18.2

Energy market activity and oil market activity

3

3

19

Pensions - supplementary provisions

20

With-profits