Related provisions for FEES 6.2.8
1 - 20 of 39 items.
The FSCS may at any time impose a management expenses levy or a compensation costs levy,6 provided that the FSCS has reasonable grounds for believing that the funds available to it to meet relevant expenses are, or will be, insufficient, taking into account expenditure already incurred, actual and expected recoveries and8:668(1) in the case of a management expenses levy, the level of the FSCS's expected8 expenditure in respect of those expenses in the financial year9 of the compensation
8The FSCS will usually levy once in each financial year9 (the annual levy)11. However, if the compensation costs or specific costs incurred, or expected to be incurred, exceed the amounts held, or reasonably expected to be held, to meet those costs, the FSCS may, at any time during the financial year9, do one or more of the following:8(1) impose an interim levy11 ; or(2) utilise other sources of funding such as commercial borrowing or other borrowing including from the National
8The FSCS may at any time impose a MERS levy provided that the FSCS has reasonable grounds for believing that the funds available to it to meet relevant expenses are or will be insufficient, taking into account relevant expenses incurred or expected to be incurred in the financial year of the compensation scheme in relation to which the levy is imposed9.
The maximum aggregate amount of compensation costs and specific costs for which the FSCS can levy each8class (not including the FCA provider contribution classes)9 in any one financial year9 of the compensation scheme is limited to the amounts set out in the table in FEES 6 Annex 2 R.29[Note: the levy limits for the FCA provider contribution classes are set out in FEES 6 Annex 5R] 2
(1) The FSCS may use any money held to the credit of one class2(the creditor class)2 to pay compensation costs or specific costs attributable 8or allocated by way of levy8 to 2another class2(the debtor class)2 if the FSCS has reasonable grounds to believe that this would be more economical than borrowing funds from a third party or raising a levy.228822(2) Where the FSCS acts in accordance with (1), it must ensure that:(a) the creditor class2 is reimbursed by the debtor class2
(1) Where8 the FSCS makes recoveries in relation to protected claims where a8 related compensation costs levy8 would have been allocated to a class (class A) had the levy limit for class A not been reached and has been allocated to another class or classes in the retail pool, the recoveries must be applied:8888(a) 8first, to the classes to which the costs levied were allocated in accordance with FEES 6.5A in the same proportion as those classes contributed, up to the total amount
The FSCS may adjust the calculation of a participant firm's share of any levy to take proper account of:(1) any excess, not already taken into account, between previous levies of that type imposed in relation to previous periods and the relevant costs actually incurred in that period; or(2) participant firms that are exempt from the levy under FEES 6.2; or(3) amounts that the FSCS has not been able to recover from participant firms as a result of FEES 6.3.5 R ; or2(4) amounts
(1) 4This rule applies to the calculation of the levies of a firm (A) if:(a) either:(i) A acquires all or a part of the business of another firm (B), whether by merger, acquisition of goodwill or otherwise; or(ii) A became authorised as a result of B's simple change of legal status (as defined in FEES 3 Annex 1R9 Part 6); (b) B is no longer liable to pay a levy; and(c) that acquisition or change takes place after the date to which, or as of which, A's most recent statement of
If a participant firm's share of a levy or an additional administrative fee under FEES 6.7.4 R would be so small that, in the opinion of the FSCS, the costs of collection would be disproportionate to the amount payable, the FSCS may treat the participant firm as if its share of the levy or additional administrative fee amounted to zero.
If a firm ceases to be a participant firm or carry out activities within one or more classes54 part way through a financial year6 of the compensation scheme:44(1) it will remain liable for any unpaid levies which the FSCS has already made on the firm; and41(2) the FSCS may make one or more levies4 upon it (which may be before or after the firm5 has ceased to be a participant firm or carry out activities within one or more classes5,4 but must be before it ceases to be an authorised
If a designated guidance provider does not pay the total amount of the pensions guidance providers’ levy applicable to it before the end of the date on which it is due, it must pay:(1) an administrative fee of £250; plus(2) interest on any unpaid part of the levy at an annual rate of 5% above the Official Bank Rate from time to time in force, accruing daily from the date on which the amount concerned became due.
If the Secretary of State2 designates a person as a designated guidance provider under section 333E(1)(e) of the Act in the course of a fee year, the following formula must be used to calculate the pensions guidance providers’ levy to be paid by that provider for that fee year:
(1) |
calculate the number of months between and including: |
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(i) |
the month in which the person became a designated guidance provider; and |
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(ii) |
the last month of the relevant fee year; |
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(2) |
|||||
(3) |
multiply the pension guidance providers’ levy set out in column (C) of row 5 of the table at FEES 11 Annex 1R by the number calculated in (2). |
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Section 213(3)(b) of the Act requires the appropriate regulator to make rules to enable the FSCS to impose levies on authorised persons, and on recognised investment exchanges that are operating a multilateral trading facility or operating an organised trading facility,13 in order to meet its expenses. These expenses include in particular expenses incurred, or expected to be incurred, in paying compensation, borrowing or insuring risks.
Section 224F of the Act enables the appropriate regulator to make rules to enable the FSCS to impose levies on authorised persons (or any class of authorised persons) in order to meet its management expenses incurred if, under Part 15A of the Act, it is required by HM Treasury to act in relation to relevant schemes. But those rules must provide that the FSCS can impose a levy only if the FSCS has tried its best to obtain reimbursement of those expenses from the manager of the
In calculating a compensation costs levy, the FSCS12 may include up to the greater of one third of the compensation costs expected in the 36-month period following the12 1 April of the financial year of the compensation scheme in relation to which the levy is imposed12, or the compensation costs expected in the 12 months following that date.9899999
The9 provisions on the allocation of levies to classes9122 meet9 a requirement of section 213(5) of the Act that the FCA12, in making rules to enable the FSCS to impose levies, must take account of the desirability of ensuring that the amount of the levies imposed on a particular class of authorised person reflects, so far as practicable, the amount of claims made, or likely to be made, in respect of that class of person.22229999
Section 223 of the Act (Management expenses) prevents the FSCS from recovering, through a levy, any management expenses attributable to a particular period in excess of the limit set in COMP as applicable to that period. 'Management expenses' are defined in section 223(3) to mean expenses incurred or expected to be incurred by the FSCS in connection with its functions under the Act, except:(1) expenses incurred in paying compensation;5(2) expenses incurred as a result of the FSCS
A management expenses levy may consist of two 2elements. The first is a base costs levy, for 50% of12 the base costs of running the compensation scheme in a financial year12, that is, costs which are not dependent upon the level of activity of the compensation scheme and which therefore are not attributable to any specific class.9 The PRA allocates the other 50% of the base costs under its rules.12 Included in base costs12 are items such as the salary of the members of the board
10The second element of a management expenses levy is a specific costs levy for the "specific costs" of running the compensation scheme in a financial year12. These costs are attributable to a class, and include the salary costs of certain staff of the FSCS and claims handling and legal and other professional fees. It also may include the cost of any insurance cover that FSCS secures against the risk of FSCS paying out claims above a given level in any particular class (but below
In imposing a compensation costs levy in each financial year12 of the compensation scheme the FSCS will take into account the compensation costs which the compensation scheme12 has incurred and has not yet raised through levies, any recoveries it has had made using the rights that have been assigned to it or to which it is subrogated and9 a further amount calculated taking into account:9(1) [deleted]129(2) [deleted]1221(3) 12the compensation costs it expects to incur in the financial
If a participant firm is a member of more than one class9,2 the total compensation costs levy and specific costs levy for that firm in a particular year9 will be the aggregate of the individual levies calculated for the firm9 in respect of each of the classes for that year. Each class9 has a levy limit which is the maximum amount of compensation costs and specific costs9 which may be allocated to a particular class9 in a financial year12 for the purposes of a levy.29299299
The FCA has made rules providing that compensation costs and specific costs attributable to the intermediation classes,12 the investment provision class and the debt management claims class12, which exceed the classlevy limits, may be allocated to the retail pool. Levies allocated to the retail pool are then allocated amongst the other such classes, together with certain classes (known as FCA provider contribution classes) (see FEES 6 Annex 5R)12. The FCA provider contribution
Incoming EEA firms which obtain cover or 'top up' under the provisions of COMP 14 are firms whose Home State scheme provides no or limited compensation cover in the event that they are determined to be in default. Under FEES 6.6, the FSCS is required to consider whether incoming EEA firm's should receive a discount on the amount that they would otherwise pay as their share of the levy, to take account of the availability of their Home State cover. The amount of any discount is
Subject to3FEES 6.3.22 R, the FSCS must calculate a participant firm's share of a base costs levy by:33(1) for recognised investment exchanges, providing for £1,000 per RIE for each financial year of the compensation scheme (other than in the financial year in which the recognised investment exchange becomes a participant firm, when its share is nil);65335(2) for other participant firms:65533(a) identifying the base costs which the FSCS has incurred, or expects to incur, in the
4The FSCS must allocate any specific costs levy:(1) first, amongst the relevant classes in proportion to the amount of relevant costs arising from the different activities for which firms in those classes have permission up to the levy limit of each relevant class. The FCA provider contribution classes are not relevant classes for this purpose; and(2) thereafter, where the levy limit has been reached (whether as a result of compensation costs or specific costs or both) for a class
Since a firm that becomes a participant firm in the course of a financial year5 of the compensation scheme will already be obtaining a discount in relation to the base costs levy through the modified fee provisions of FEES 4.2.7ER7, no rule is necessary in FEES 69 for discounts on the base costs levy.119
(1) 22This rule deals with the calculation of:(a) a participant firm'sspecific costs levy in the financial year5 of the compensation scheme5 following the financial year of the compensation scheme5 in which it became a participant firm; or(b) a participant firm'sspecific costs levy in the financial year5 of the compensation scheme5 in which it had its permission extended, and the following financial year of the compensation scheme5; and(c) the tariff base for the classes3 that
The table below sets out the period within which a participant firm's tariff base is calculated ("the data period") for second year levies calculated under FEES 6.4.10AR5. The example is based on a participant firm that extends its permission on 1 November 2009 and has a financial year ending 31 March.
References in this table to dates or months are references to the latest one occurring before the start of the financial year of the compensation scheme5 unless otherwise stated.
Type of permission acquired on 1 November |
Tariff base |
Valuation date but for FEES 6.4.10AR5 |
Data period under FEES 6.4.10AR5 |
Dealing in investments as agent in relation to General Insurance Intermediation |
Financial year ended 31 March 2009 - so projected valuations will be used. |
1 November to 31 December 2009 |
(1) A firm must pay the pensions guidance levy applicable to it within 30 days of the date of the invoice to which that sum relates, unless any of (2) to (5) apply.(2) If the firm has applied to cancel its Part 4A permission under SUP 6.4.5D (Cancellation of permission), the firm must pay the pensions guidance levy applicable to it on the date of its application.(3) If the FCA has exercised its own-initiative powers to cancel a firm'sPart 4A permission, the firm must pay the
The pensions guidance levy applicable to a particular firm is calculated as follows:(1) identify each of the activity groups in FEES 10.1.1R (2) that apply to the business of the firm for the relevant period;(2) calculate the amount payable under FEES 10.2.4 R for each of those activity groups;(3) modify the result in accordance with FEES 10.2.5 R if applicable; and(4) apply any payment charge in FEES 4.2.4 R.
The amount payable for a particular activity group is calculated as follows:(1) (a) calculate the size of the firm's tariff base for the activity group using: (i) the tariff base calculations in Part 3 of FEES 4 Annex 1A; and(ii) the valuation date requirements in Part 5 of FEES 4 Annex 1A;(b) exclude best estimate liabilities for fees purposes3 in the calculation for fee block A4;(2) use the figure in (1) to calculate the levy applicable for each band in FEES 10 Annex 1;(3)
For FEES 10.2.4 R, a firm may apply the relevant tariff bases and rates to its non-UK business, as well as to its UK business, if:(1) it has reasonable grounds for believing that the cost of identifying the firm'sUK business separately from its non-UK business is disproportionate to the difference in the pensions guidance levy payable by it; and(2) it notifies the FCA in writing: (a) at the same time as it provides the information concerned under FEES 4.4 (Information on which
Where a firm which has not complied with FEES 4.4.2 R (Information on which fees are calculated) in relation to a particular fee year the pensions guidance levy for that firm for that fee year is calculated using (where relevant) the valuation(s) of business used to calculate the pensions guidance levy for that firm for the previous fee year, multiplied by the factor of 1.10.
(1) For the purposes of FEES 13.2.1R(2), FEES 4.3.6R(1C) to (1E), as applied by FEES 13.2.8R, is modified so that if a firm’s periodic fees for the previous financial year were at least £50,000, the firm must pay:(a) an amount equal to 50% of the IML levy payable for the previous year, by 1 April in the financial year to which the sum due under FEES 13.2.1R relates; and(b) the balance of the IML levy due for the current financial year by 1 September in the financial year to which
The IML levy is calculated as follows:(1) identify whether activity group CC1 or CC2 applies to the business of the firm for the relevant period (for this purpose, the activity groups are defined in accordance with Part 1 of FEES 4 Annex 1AR);(2) for each of those activity groups, calculate the amount payable in the way set out in FEES 13.2.4R;(3) add the amounts calculated under (2);(4) work out whether a minimum fee is payable under Part 2 of FEES 7 Annex 1R and if so how much;(5)
For the purposes of FEES 13.2.4R:(1) a firm in activity group CC2 may apply the relevant tariff bases and rates to its non-UK business, as well as to its UK business, if:(a) it has reasonable grounds for believing that the costs of identifying the firm’sUK business separately from its non-UK business in the way described in FEES 4 Annex 11BR are disproportionate to the difference in fees payable; and (b) it notifies the FCA in writing at the same time as it provides the information
The Handbook provisions relating to the IML levy are meant to follow closely the provisions relating to the payment of the periodic fees in FEES 4.3.1R. In the interests of brevity, not all of these provisions are set out again in FEES 13. In some cases, certain FEES 4rules are applied to the payment of the IML levy by individual rules in FEES 13. The rest are set out in the table in FEES 13.2.9R.
A firm'sgeneral levy under the Compulsory Jurisdiction4 is calculated as follows: 19(1) identify each of the tariff bases set out in FEES 5 Annex 1 which apply to 4the firm for the relevant year; 19(2) for each of those tariff bases, calculate the sum payable in relation to the relevant business of the firm for that year (except industry blocks 2 and 4, in which case calculate the sum payable for that year)4;(3) add together the amounts calculated under (2). 43
(1) 1For the purposes of FEES 7.2.1R (2), FEES 4.3.6R(1C)-(1E)2, as applied by FEES 7.2.8 R, is modified so that if a firm's periodic fees for the previous financial year was at least £50,0002, the firm must pay:1(a) an amount equal to 50% of the CFEB levy payable for the previous year, by 12 April in the financial year to which the sum due under FEES 7.2.1 R relates; and(b) the balance of the CFEB levy due for the current financial year by 1 September in the financial year to
The CFEB levy is calculated as follows:(1) identify each of the activity groups set out in Part 1 of FEES 7 Annex 1R and Part 1 of FEES 7 Annex 2R4 that apply to the business of the firm for the relevant period (for this purpose, the activity groups under FEES 7 Annex 1R4 are defined in accordance with Part 1 of FEES 4 Annex 1AR and the activity groups under FEES 7 Annex 2R are defined in accordance with Part 1 of that Annex4);66(2) for each of those activity groups, calculate
For the purposes of FEES 7.2.3 R:(1) a firm may apply the relevant tariff bases and rates to its non-UK business, as well as to its UK business, if:(a) it has reasonable grounds for believing that the costs of identifying the firm'sUK business separately from its non-UK business in the way described in Part 3 of FEES 4 Annex 1A6 and Part 1 of FEES 4 Annex 111 are disproportionate to the difference in fees payable; and (b) it notifies the FCA in writing at the same time as it provides
The Handbook provisions relating to the CFEB levy are meant to follow closely the provisions relating to the payment of periodic fees under FEES 4.3.1 R In the interests of brevity, not all of these provisions are set out again in FEES 7. In some cases, certain FEES 4 rules are applied to the payment of the CFEB levy by individual rules in FEES 7. The rest are set out in the table in FEES 7.2.9 R.
References in a FEES 4rule incorporated into FEES 7 by cross-reference to a periodic fee should be read as being to the CFEB levy. References in a FEES 4rule incorporated into FEES 7 to market operators, service companies, MTF operators, investment exchanges, or6designated professional bodies should be disregarded.166
Table of FEES 4 rules that correspond to FEES 7 rules
FEES 4 rules |
Corresponding FEES 7 rules |
Part 1 of 6FEES 4 Annex 2A6 |
Part 1 of FEES 7 Annex 11 |
1Part 2 of FEES 4 Annex 11 |
Part 1 of FEES 7 Annex 1 |
1Part 5 of FEES 4 Annex 11 |
Part 1 of FEES 7 Annex 1 |
The FSCS must allocate a compensation costs levy or specific costs levy, which has been allocated to the retail pool (under FEES 6.5.2-AR(2) or FEES 6.4.6AR(2)2):(1) to classes whose retail pool levy limit has not been reached as at the date of the levy;(2) in proportion to the relative sizes of the retail pool levy limits of the classes in (1) and up to those levy limits2; and(3) in accordance with the table in FEES 6 Annex 5R2.[Note: The retail pool levy limits for classes other
(1) An allocation in FEES 6.5A.1 R to an FCA provider contribution class other than the home finance providers and administrators' contribution class may not be of an amount that, if it were added to any levies2: (a) 2that correspond to the FCA’scompensation costs levies or specific costs levies; and (b) 2which have previously in the same financial year been imposed on the PRA funding class2 which corresponds to that FCAprovider contribution class (as set out in FEES 6.5A.7R),2the
When the FSCS allocates excess compensation costs levies or specific costs levies under FEES 6.5A.1 R or any levy imposed under FEES 6.5A.2 R (3)(a) , a class to which part of the excess is allocated (a "receiving class") may, as a result of that allocation, itself reach its limit. In that case, the FSCS must apply FEES 6.5A.1 R or FEES 6.5A.2 R so that any resulting excess levy beyond the limit of the receiving class is allocated amongst the remaining classes whose limits have
12The FSCS must allocate any compensation costs levy:(1) first, to the relevant classes in proportion to the amount of compensation costs arising from, or expected to arise from, claims in respect of the different activities for which firms in those classes have permission up to the levy limit of each relevant class. The FCA provider contribution classes are not relevant classes for this purpose; and(2) thereafter, where the levy limit has been reached (whether as a result of
4(1) A participant firm must pay to the FSCS a share of each compensation costs levy allocated to the classes of which it is a member10 unless either the firm is exempt under FEES 6.2 (Exemption) or the FSCS has chosen to exercise its discretion under FEES 6.3.23 R in respect of that firm.4(2) [deleted]10104
12The FSCS must calculate each participant firm's share of a compensation costs levy (subject to FEES 6.3.22 R (Adjustments to calculation of levy shares)) by:(1) identifying each of the relevant classes to which each participant firm belongs, using the statement of business most recently supplied under FEES 6.5.13 R (1);(2) identifying the compensation costs falling within FEES 6.3.1R13 allocated, in accordance with FEES 6.5.2-AR13, to the classes identified in (1);(3) calculating,
A firm or a recognised investment exchange14 which becomes a participant firm part way through a financial year13 of the compensation scheme will not be liable to pay a share of a compensation costs levy made in that year.4
If a participant firm does not submit a complete statement by the date on which it is due in accordance with FEES 6.5.13 R and any prescribed submission procedures:(1) the firm must pay an administrative fee of £250 (but not if it is already subject to an administrative fee under FEES 4 Annex 2A R, Part 119 or FEES 5.4.1 R for the same financial year13); and19(2) the compensation costs levy and any specific costs levy will be calculated using (where relevant) the valuation or
The FCA is entitled not to consider a claim under FEES 10.4.1 G or FEES 10.4.2 G to refund any overpaid amounts due to a mistake of fact or law by the fee paying firm if the claim is made more than two years after the beginning of the period to which the pensions guidance levy subject to the claim relates.
If it appears to the FCA5 or410 the FSCS (in relation to any FSCS levy only) 2 that in the exceptional circumstances of a particular case, the payment of any fee, FSCS levy2,3FOS levy, CFEB levy, SFGB levy or DA levy8 would be inequitable, the FCA5 or410 the FSCS2 as relevant, may (unless FEES 2.3.2B R applies)1 reduce or remit all or part of the fee or levy in question which would otherwise be payable. 4103410364103410
If it appears to the FCA5 or410 the FSCS (in relation to any FSCS levy only)2 that in the exceptional circumstances of a particular case to which FEES 2.3.1R does not apply, the retention by the FCA5 the FSCS,2 or the CFEB3, as relevant, of a fee,3FOS levy, CFEB levy, SFGB levy or DA levy8 which has been paid would be inequitable, the FCA5 the FSCS2 or the CFEB3, may (unless FEES 2.3.2B R applies)1 refund all or part of that fee or levy.41034103410363410
1A poor estimate or forecast by a fee or levy 2payer, when providing information relevant to an applicable tariff base, is unlikely, of itself, to amount to an exceptional circumstance for the purposes of FEES 2.3.1 R or FEES 2.3.2 R. By contrast, a mistake of fact or law by a fee or levy 2payer may give rise to such a claim.
1The FCA5or the FSCS2may not consider a claim under FEES 2.3.1 R and/or FEES 2.3.2 R to reduce, remit or refund any overpaid amounts paid by a fee or levy2 payer in respect of a particular period, due to a mistake of fact or law by the fee or levy2 payer, if the claim is made by the fee or levy2 payer more than 2 years after the beginning of the period to which the overpayment relates.
The FOS ADR levy is
calculated as follows:(1) Determine the number of hours, or part of an
hour, taken by the FCA, in performing functions
under the ADR Regulations.(2) Using the table at FEES 3 Annex 9R(11),
determine the relevant pay grades of those employed by the
FCA to perform the functions under the
ADR Regulations.(3) Next, multiply the applicable rate in the table
at FEES 3 Annex 9R(11) by the number of hours or part hours obtained under
(1).(4) Then add any fees and disbursements
(1) The following enable the FCA to charge fees to cover its costs and expenses in carrying out its functions:13(a) paragraph 23 of Schedule 1ZA of the Act;13(b) regulation 92 of the Payment Services Regulations;13(c) regulation 59 of the Electronic Money Regulations;13(d) article 25(a) of the MCD Order;1513(e) regulation 21 of the Small and Medium Sized Businesses (Credit Information) Regulations. 13(f) regulation 18 of the Small and Medium Sized Business (Finance Platforms)
The key components of the FCA12fee mechanism (excluding the FSCS5levy, the FOS5 levy and case fees, and the CFEB levy5which are dealt with in FEES 5,5FEES 6 and FEES 7)5 are:555(1) a funding requirement derived from:(a) the FCA’s12financial management and reporting framework;(b) the FCA’s12budget; and(c) adjustments for audited variances between budgeted and actual expenditure in the previous accounting year, and reserves movements (in accordance with the FCA’s12reserves policy);(2)
(1) The Handbook provisions relating to the pensions guidance levy are meant to follow closely the provisions relating to the payment of periodic fees payable by an authorised person under FEES 4.(2) As such, the table in FEES 10.5.4 R lists rules in FEES 4 that also apply, in a modified form, to the pensions guidance levy.
Table of rules in FEES 4 that also apply in FEES 10.
FEES 4 incorporated into FEES 10 |
Description |
Modifications |
Method of payment |
none |
|
Modifications for persons becoming subject to periodic fees during the course of a fee year |
none |
|
Calculating the fee in the firm’s first year of authorisation |
none |
|
Calculating fees in the second fee-year where the firm received permission between 1 January and 31 March in its first fee year |
none |
|
Calculating all other fees in the second and subsequent years of authorisation where a full year of tariff data is not available |
none |
|
How FEES 4.2.7 R applies to an incoming EEA firm or an incoming Treaty firm |
none |
|
Fee payers ceasing to hold relevant status or reducing the scope of their permission after start of relevant period |
Reference to column (1) of the table in FEES 4.2.11 R is a reference to FEES 10.1.2 G |
|
Groups of firms |
Reference to FEES 4.2.1 R is a reference to FEES 10.2.1 R. |
|
Firms applying to cancel or vary permission before start of period |
Reference toFEES 4.2.1 R is a reference to FEES 10.2.1 R. |
|
Reference to FEES 4.2.7ER to FEES 4.2.7KR2 is a reference to FEES 10.2.5 R Reference to FEES 4.2.1 R is a reference to FEES 10.2.1 R |
||
Information on which fees are calculated |
none |
If a firm does not pay the total amount of the pensions guidance levy before the end of the date on which it is due, it must pay:(1) an administrative fee of £250; plus(2) interest on any unpaid part of the levy at an annual rate of 5% above the Official Bank Rate from time to time in force, accruing daily from the date on which the amount concerned became due.
The purpose of this chapter is to set out the requirements on firms to pay annual fees (through a general levy invoiced and collected by the FCA on behalf of FOS Ltd) and case fees (invoiced and collected directly by FOS Ltd) in order to fund the operation of the Financial Ombudsman Service.This Chapter4 also provides for unauthorised persons to pay case fees to FOS Ltd in respect of any relevant complaints which it handles.44