Related provisions for CASS 5.5.52

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CASS 5.5.37GRP
The FSA generally requires a firm to place client money in a client bank account with an approved bank. However, a firm which is an approved bank must not (subject to CASS 5.1.1 R (2)(e)) hold client money in an account with itself.
CASS 5.5.38RRP
(1) A firm must ensure that client money is held in a client bank account at one or more approved banks.(2) If the firm is a bank, it must not hold client money in an account with itself.
CASS 5.5.41RRP
A firm may hold client money with a bank that is not an approved bank if all the following conditions are met:(1) the client money relates to one or more insurance transactions which are subject to the law or market practice of a jurisdiction outside the United Kingdom;(2) because of the applicable law or market practice of that overseas jurisdiction, it is not possible to hold the client money in a client bank account with an approved bank;(3) the firm holds the money with such
CASS 5.5.42GRP
A firm owes a duty of care to a client when it decides where to place client money. The review required by CASS 5.5.43 R is intended to ensure that the risks inherent in placing client money with a bank are minimised or appropriately diversified by requiring a firm to consider carefully the bank or banks with which it chooses to place client money. For example, a firm which is likely only to hold relatively modest amounts of client money will be likely to be able to satisfy this
CASS 5.5.43RRP
Before a firm opens a client bank account and as often as is appropriate on a continuing basis (and no less than once in each financial year), it must take reasonable steps to establish that the bank is appropriate for that purpose.
CASS 5.5.44GRP
A firm should consider diversifying placements of client money with more than one bank where the amounts are, for example, of sufficient size to warrant such diversification.
CASS 5.5.45GRP
When considering where to place client money and to determine the frequency of the appropriateness test under CASS 5.5.43 R, a firm should consider taking into account, together with any other relevant matters:(1) the capital of the bank;(2) the amount of client money placed, as a proportion of the bank's capital and deposits;(3) the credit rating of the bank (if available); and(4) to the extent that the information is available, the level of risk in the investment and loan activities
CASS 5.5.46GRP
A firm will be expected to perform due diligence when opening a client bank account with a bank that is authorised by an EEA regulator. Any continuing assessment of that bank may be restricted to verification that it remains authorised by an EEA regulator.
CASS 5.5.47RRP
Subject to CASS 5.5.41 R, a firm that holds or intends to hold client money with a bank which is in the same group as the firm must:(1) undertake a continuous review in relation to that bank which is at least as rigorous as the review of any bank which is not in the same group, in order to ensure that the decision to use a group bank is appropriate for the client;(2) disclose in writing to its client at the outset of the client relationship (whether by way of a client agreement,4terms of
CASS 5.5.48RRP
If a client has notified a firm in writing that he does not wish his money to be held with a bank in the same group as the firm, the firm must either:(1) place that client money in a client bank account with another bank in accordance with CASS 5.5.38 R; or(2) return that client money to, or pay it to the order of, the client.
CASS 5.5.49RRP
When a firm opens a client bank account, the firm must give or have given written notice to the bank requesting the bank to acknowledge to it in writing:(1) that all money standing to the credit of the account is held by the firm as trustee (or if relevant in Scotland, as agent) and that the bank is not entitled to combine the account with any other account or to exercise any right of set-off or counterclaim against money in that account in respect of any sum owed to it on any
CASS 5.5.50RRP
In the case of a client bank account in the United Kingdom, if the bank does not provide the acknowledgement referred to in CASS 5.5.49 R within 20 business days after the firm dispatched the notice, the firm must withdraw all money standing to the credit of the account and deposit it in a client bank account with another bank as soon as possible.
CASS 5.5.53RRP
A firm must not hold, for a consumer5, client money in a client bank account outside the United Kingdom, unless the firm has previously disclosed to the consumer5 (whether in its terms of business, client agreement11 or otherwise in writing):5511(1) that his money may be deposited in a client bank account outside the United Kingdom but that the client may notify the firm that he does not wish his money to be held in a particular jurisdiction;(2) that in such circumstances, the
CASS 5.5.55GRP
Firms are reminded of the provisions of CASS 5.5.41 R (4), which sets out the notification and consents required when using a bank that is not an approved bank.
CASS 5.5.57GRP
Firms are reminded of the provisions of CASS 5.5.41 R (4), which sets out the notification and consents required when using a bank that is not an approved bank.
CASS 5.5.61RRP
On the failure of a third party with which client money is held, a firm must notify the FSA:(1) as soon as it becomes aware, of the failure of any bank, other broker or settlement agent or other entity with which it has placed, or to which it has passed, client money; and(2) as soon as reasonably practical, whether it intends to make good any shortfall that has arisen or may arise and of the amounts involved.
CASS 5.5.63RRP
(1) A firm must, as often as is necessary to ensure the accuracy of its records and at least at intervals of not more than 25 business days:2(a) check whether its client money resource, as determined by CASS 5.5.65 R on the previous business day, was at least equal to the client money requirement, as determined by CASS 5.5.66 R or CASS 5.5.68 R, as at the close of business on that day; and2(b) ensure that:2(i) any shortfall is paid into a client bank account by the close of business
CASS 5.5.65RRP
The client money resource, for the purposes of CASS 5.5.63 R (1)(a),2 is:(1) the aggregate of the balances on the firm's client money bank accounts, as at the close of business on the previous business day and, if held in accordance with CASS 5.4, designated investments (valued on a prudent and consistent basis) together with client money held by a third party in accordance with CASS 5.5.34 R; and(2) (but only if the firm is comparing the client money resource with its client's
CASS 5.5.82RRP
When a firm draws a cheque or other payable order to discharge its fiduciary duty under CASS 5.5.80 R, it must continue to treat the sum concerned as client money until the cheque or order is presented and paid by the bank.
CASS 5.6.15RRP
CASS 5.6.20 R to CASS 5.6.31 R do not apply if, on the failure of the third party, the firm repays to its clients or pays into a client bank account, at an unaffected bank, an amount equal to the amount of client money which would have been held if a shortfall had not occurred at that third party.
CASS 5.6.17GRP
To comply with its duties, the firm should show proper care:(1) in the selection of a third party; and(2) when monitoring the performance of the third party.In the case of client money transferred to a bank, by demonstrating compliance with CASS 5.5.43 R, a firm should be able to demonstrate that it has taken reasonable steps to comply with its duties.
CASS 5.6.18GRP
When a bank fails and the firm decides not to make good the shortfall in the amount of client money held at that bank, a secondary pooling event will occur in accordance with CASS 5.6.20 R. The firm would be expected to reflect the shortfall that arises at the firm's bank in the periodic client money calculation by reducing the client money resource and client money requirement accordingly.
CASS 5.6.19GRP
The client money (insurance) distribution rules seek to ensure that clients who have previously specified that they are not willing to accept the risk of the bank that has fails, and who therefore requested that their client money be placed in a designated client bank account as a different bank, should not suffer the loss of the bank that has failed.
CASS 5.6.20RRP
If a secondary pooling event occurs as a result of the failure of a bank where one or more general client bank accounts are held, then:(1) in relation to every general client bank account of the firm, the provisions of CASS 5.6.22 R and CASS 5.6.26 R to CASS 5.6.28 G will apply;(2) in relation to every designated client bank account held by the firm with the failed bank, the provisions of CASS 5.6.24 R and CASS 5.6.26 R to CASS 5.6.28 G will apply; and(3) any money held at a
CASS 5.6.21RRP
If a secondary pooling event occurs as a result of the failure of a bank where one or more designated client bank accounts are held then in relation to every designated client bank account held by the firm with the failed bank, the provisions of CASS 5.6.24 R and CASS 5.6.26 R to CASS 5.6.28 G will apply.
CASS 5.6.22RRP
Money held in each general client bank account of the firm must be treated as pooled and:(1) any shortfall in client money held, or which should have been held, in general client bank accounts, that has arisen as a result of the failure of the bank, must be borne by all the clients whose client money is held in a general client bank account of the firm, rateably in accordance with their entitlements;(2) a new client money entitlement must be calculated for each client by the firm,
CASS 5.6.23GRP
The term 'which should have been held' is a reference to the failed bank's failure (and elsewhere, as appropriate, is a reference to the other failed third party's failure) to hold the client money at the time of the pooling event.
CASS 5.6.24RRP
For each client with a designated client bank account held at the failed bank:(1) any shortfall in client money held, or which should have been held, in designated client bank accounts that has arisen as a result of the failure, must be borne by all the clients whose client money is held in a designated client bank account of the firm at the failed bank, rateably in accordance with their entitlements;(2) a new client money entitlement must be calculated for each of the relevant
CASS 5.6.25RRP
A client whose money was held, or which should have been held, in a designated client bank account with a bank that has failed is not entitled to claim in respect of that money against any other client bank account or client transaction account of the firm.
CASS 5.6.26RRP
Client money received by the firm after the failure of a bank, that would otherwise have been paid into a client bank account at that bank:(1) must not be transferred to the failed bank unless specifically instructed by the client in order to settle an obligation of that client to the failed bank; and(2) must be, subject to (1), placed in a separate client bank account that has been opened after the secondary pooling event and either:(a) on the written instruction of the client, transferred
CASS 5.6.27RRP
If a firm receives a mixed remittance after the secondary pooling event which consists of client money that would have been paid into a general client bank account, a designated client bank account or a designated client fund account maintained at the bank that has failed, it must:(1) pay the full sum into a client bank account other than one operated at the bank that has failed; and(2) pay the money that is not client money out of that client bank account within one business day
GENPRU 2.2.202RRP
GENPRU 2.2.202 R to GENPRU 2.2.207 R only apply to a bank or building society.
GENPRU 2.2.203RRP
A qualifying holding is a direct or indirect holding of a bank or building society in a non-financial undertaking which represents 10% or more of the capital or of the voting rights or which makes it possible to exercise a significant influence over the management of that undertaking.
GENPRU 2.2.205RRP
The amount of qualifying holdings that a bank or building society must deduct in the calculation in the capital resources table is:(1) (if the firm has one or more qualifying holdings that exceeds 15% of its relevant capital resources) the sum of such excesses; and(2) to the extent not already deducted in (1), the amount by which the sum of each of that firm'squalifying holdings exceeds 60% of its relevant capital resources.
GENPRU 2.2.209RRP
A material holding is:(1) a BIPRU firm's holdings of shares and any other interest in the capital of an individual credit institution or financial institution (held in the non-trading book or the trading book or both) exceeding 10% of the share capital of the issuer, and, where this is the case, any holdings of subordinated debt of the same issuer are also included as a material holding; the full amount of the holding is a material holding; or(2) a BIPRU firm's holdings of shares,
(1) 3This paragraph gives guidance as to the amount to be deducted at Part 2 of stage M (Deductions from the totals of tier one and two) of GENPRU 2 Annex 2 (Capital resources table for a bank) and GENPRU 2 Annex 3 (Capital resources table for a building society) in respect of investments in subsidiary undertakings and participations (excluding any amount which is already deducted as material holdings or qualifying holdings).(2) The effect of those rules is to achieve the deduction
GENPRU 2.2.221RRP
GENPRU 2.2.221 R to GENPRU 2.2.235 G only apply to a bank.
GENPRU 2.2.223RRP
A bank must not deduct any item as connected lending of a capital nature to the extent that it falls to be deducted at Part 1 of stage M of the calculation in the capital resources table (Deductions for material holdings, qualifying holdings and certain other items) or as a reciprocal cross-holding.
GENPRU 2.2.224RRP
For the purpose of the rules in this section about connected lending of a capital nature and in relation to a bank, a connected party means another person ("P") who fulfils at least one of the following conditions and is not solo-consolidated with the bank under BIPRU 2.1 (Solo consolidation):(1) P is closely related to the bank; or(2) P is an associate of the bank; or(3) the same persons significantly influence the governing body of P and the bank.
GENPRU 2.2.225RRP
For the purpose of GENPRU 2.2.224 R, in relation to a person ("P") to which a bank has an exposure when P is acting on his own behalf and also an exposure to P when P acts in his capacity as a trustee, custodian or general partner of an investment trust, unit trust, venture capital or other investment fund, pension fund or similar fund (a "fund") the bank may choose to treat this latter exposure as an exposure to the fund, unless such treatment would be misleading.
GENPRU 2.2.227RRP
A loan is connected lending of a capital nature if:(1) it is made by the bank to a connected party; and(2) it falls into GENPRU 2.2.228 R.
GENPRU 2.2.228RRP
A loan falls into this rule for the purposes of GENPRU 2.2.227R (2) if, whether through contractual, structural, reputational or other factors:(1) based on the terms of the loan and the other knowledge available to the bank, the borrower would be able to consider it from the point of view of its characteristics as capital as being similar to share capital or subordinated debt; or(2) the position of the lender from the point of view of maturity and repayment is inferior to that
GENPRU 2.2.229RRP
A loan is also connected lending of a capital nature if:(1) it funds directly or indirectly a loan to a connected party of the bank falling into GENPRU 2.2.228 R1 or an investment in the capital of a connected party of the bank; and(2) it falls into GENPRU 2.2.228 R.
GENPRU 2.2.230GRP
It is likely that a loan is not connected lending of a capital nature if:(1) it is secured by collateral that is eligible for the purposes of credit risk mitigation under the standardised approach to credit risk as set out in BIPRU 5.4 (Financial collateral) and BIPRU 5.5 (Other funded credit risk mitigation); or(2) it is repayable on demand (and should be treated as such for accounting purposes by the borrower and lender) and the bank can demonstrate that there are no potential
GENPRU 2.2.231RRP
A guarantee is connected lending of a capital nature if it is a guarantee by the bank of a loan from a third party to a connected party of the bank and:(1) the loan meets the requirements of GENPRU 2.2.228 R; or(2) the rights that the bank would have against the borrower with respect to the guarantee meet the requirements of GENPRU 2.2.228R (2).
GENPRU 2.2.232RRP
A guarantee is also connected lending of a capital nature if it is a guarantee by the bank of a loan falling into GENPRU 2.2.229R (1); and(1) the loan meets the conditions in GENPRU 2.2.228 R; or(2) the guarantee meets the conditions in GENPRU 2.2.231R (2).
GENPRU 2.2.234GRP
A loan may initially fall outside the definition of connected lending of a capital nature but later fall into it. For example, if the initial lending to a connected party is subsequently downstreamed to another connected party the relationship between the bank and the ultimate borrower may be such that, looking at the arrangements as a whole, the undertaking to which the bank lends is able to regard the loan to it as being capable of absorbing losses.
GENPRU 2.2.263RRP
GENPRU 2.2.263 R to GENPRU 2.2.265 R only apply to a bank or building society.
GENPRU 2.2.264RRP
(1) The excess trading book position is the excess of:(a) a bank or building society's aggregate net long (including notional) trading bookpositions in shares, subordinated debt or any other interest in the capital of credit institutions or financial institutions;over;(b) 25% of that firm'scapital resources calculated at stage T (Total capital after deductions) of the capital resources table (calculated before deduction of the excess trading book position).(2) Only the excess
COLL 5.2.11RRP
(1) This rule does not apply to government and public securities.(2) For the purposes of this rule companies included in the same group for the purposes of consolidated accounts as defined in accordance with the Seventh Council Directive 83/349/EEC of 13 June 1983 based on Article 54(3)(g) of the Treaty on consolidated accounts or, in the same group in accordance with international accounting standards, are regarded as a single body.(3) Not more than 20% in value of the scheme
COLL 5.2.20RRP
(1) A transaction in a derivative must:(a) be in an approved derivative; or(b) be one which complies with COLL 5.2.23 R (OTC transactions in derivatives).(2) The underlying of a transaction in a derivative must consist of any one or more of the following to which the scheme is dedicated:(a) transferable securities;(b) money-market instruments permitted under COLL 5.2.18 R (Investment in money-market instruments);(c) deposits permitted under COLL 5.2.26 R (Investment in deposits);(d)
COLL 5.2.23RRP
A transaction in an OTC derivative under COLL 5.2.20 R (1) (b) must be:(1) with an approved counterparty; a counterparty to a transaction in derivatives is approved only if the counterparty is:(a) an eligible institution or an approved bank; or(b) a person whose permission (including any requirements or limitations), as published in the FSA Register, or whose Home State authorisation, permits it to enter into the transaction as principal off-exchange;(2) on approved terms; the
COLL 5.2.26RRP
A UCITS scheme may invest in deposits only if it:(1) is with an approved bank;(2) is:(a) repayable on demand; or(b) has the right to be withdrawn; and(3) matures in no more than 12 months.
SUP 6.2.8GRP
Discussions with the FSA are particularly relevant where the firm has to discharge obligations to its customers or policyholders before it can cease carrying on a regulated activity. This may be the case, for example, where the firm is an insurer, a bank or, as is often the case, holding client money or customer assets.
SUP 6.2.9GRP
If an insureror a bank wishes to cease carrying on all regulated activities for which it has Part IV permission, it will usually be necessary to wind down the business over a long term period which is normally more than six months. This may also be the case for a firm holding client money or customer assets. In these circumstances, it will usually be appropriate for the firm to apply for variation of its Part IV permission before commencing the wind-down. A firm should only make
SUP 6.2.11GRP
(1) Specific guidance on the additional procedures for a firm winding down (running off) its business in the circumstances discussed in SUP 6.2.8 G is in SUP 6 Annex 4.(2) The guidance in SUP 6 Annex 4 applies to any firm that is applying for variation of Part IV permission before it applies for cancellation of Part IV permission to enable it to wind down (run off) its business over a long term period of six months of more. It will apply to most insurers and banks and, in some
SUP 16.6.2GRP

Applicable provisions of this section (see SUP 16.6.1 G)

Category of firm

Applicable provisions

Bank, ELMI

SUP 16.6.4 R - SUP 16.6.5 R

Trustee of an AUT

Depositary of an ICVC

SUP 16.6.6 R - SUP 16.6.9 G

OPS firm

SUP 16.6.6 R - SUP 16.6.8 R

SUP 16.6.4RRP
A bank and an ELMI must submit compliance reports to the FSA in accordance with SUP 16.6.5 R.
CASS 5.1.1RRP
(1) CASS 5.1 to CASS 5.6 apply, subject to (2), (3) and CASS 5.1.3 R to CASS 5.1.6 R, to a firm that receives or holds money in the course of or in connection with its insurance mediation activity.(2) CASS 5.1 to CASS 5.6 do not, subject to (3), apply:(a) to a firm to the extent that it acts in accordance with the non-directive client money chapter or the MiFID client money chapter4; or4(b) to a firm in carrying on an insurance mediation activity which is in respect of a reinsurance
CASS 5.1.2GRP
A firm that is an approved bank, and relies on the exemption under CASS 5.1.1 R (2)(e), should be able to account to all of its clients for amounts held on their behalf at all times. A bank account opened with the firm that is in the name of the client would generally be sufficient. When money from clients deposited with the firm is held in a pooled account, this account should be clearly identified as an account for clients. The firm should also be able to demonstrate that an
SYSC 4.2.1RRP
The senior personnel of a common platform firmmust be of sufficiently good repute and sufficiently experienced as to ensure the sound and prudent management of the firm.[Note: article 9(1) of MiFID and article 11(1) second paragraph of the Banking Consolidation Directive ]
SYSC 4.2.2RRP
A common platform firmmust ensure that its management is undertaken by at least two persons meeting the requirements laid down in SYSC 4.2.1 R.[Note: article 9(4) first paragraph of MiFID and article 11(1) first paragraph of the Banking Consolidation Directive]
GENPRU 2.1.60RRP
(1) This rule applies to a bank that meets the following conditions:(a) on 31 December 2006 it had the benefit of IPRU(BANK) rule 3.3.12 (Reduced minimum capital requirement for a bank that is a credit institution which immediately before 1 January 1993 was authorised under the Banking Act 1987);(b) the relevant amount (as referred to in IPRU(BANK) rule 3.3.12) applicable to it was below €5 million as at 31 December 2006; and(c) on 1 January 2007 it did not comply with the base
GENPRU 2.1.61GRP
Where two or more banks merge, all of which individually have the benefit of GENPRU 2.1.60 R, the FSA may agree in certain circumstances that the base capital resources requirement for the bank resulting from the merger may be the sum of the aggregate capital resources of the merged banks, calculated at the time of the merger, provided this figure is less than €5 million.
GENPRU 2.1.62RRP
For the purpose of GENPRU 2.1.60 R:(1) an existing controller of a bank means:(a) a person who has been a parent undertaking of that bank since 31 December 2006 or earlier; or(b) a person who became a parent undertaking of that bank after 31 December 2006 but who, when he became a parent undertaking of that bank, was a subsidiary undertaking of an existing controller of that bank;(2) the relevant amount of capital as referred to in GENPRU 2.1.60R (2)(a) is adjusted by identifying
BIPRU 5.7.1RRP
The following parties may be recognised as eligible providers of unfunded credit protection:(1) central governments and central banks;(2) regional governments or local authorities;(3) multilateral development banks;(4) international organisationsexposures which are assigned a 0% risk weight under the standardised approach;(5) public sector entities, claims on which are treated as claims on institutions or central governments under the standardised approach;(6) institutions;(7)
BIPRU 5.7.9RRP
Where an exposure is protected by a guarantee which is counter-guaranteed by a central government or central bank, a regional government or local authority or a public sector entity claims on which are treated as claims on the central government in whose jurisdiction they are established under the standardised approach, a multilateral development bank to which a 0% risk weight is assigned under or by virtue of the standardised approach, or a public sector entity claims on which
BIPRU 3.4.27RRP
Without prejudice to BIPRU 3.4.28 R to BIPRU 3.4.29 R:(1) a firm must treat exposures to multilateral development banks in the same manner as exposures to institutions in accordance with BIPRU 3.4.34 R to BIPRU 3.4.39 R (Exposures to institutions: credit assessment based method); and(2) the preferential treatment for short-term exposures specified in BIPRU 3.4.37 R, BIPRU 3.4.39 R and BIPRU 3.4.44 R must not be applied.[Note: BCD Annex VI Part 1 point 19]
BIPRU 3.4.28RRP
An exposure to a multilateral development bank listed in point (1) of the definition in the Glossary must be assigned a 0% risk weight.[Note: BCD Annex VI Part 1 point 20]
SUP 6.4.16GRP

Types of reports. See SUP 6.4.15 G

Category of firm

Type of report

a bank or building society

• an audited balance sheet which confirms that, in the auditor's opinion, the firm has no remaining deposit liabilities to customers;

• a report from auditors or reporting accountants;

a securities and futures firm

• a report from auditors or reporting accountants

an insurer

• an audited closing balance sheet which demonstrates that the firm has no insurance liabilities to policyholders;

• a report from the auditors or reporting accountants; and

• in some cases, an actuarial opinion as to the likelihood of any remaining liabilities to policyholders.

BIPRU 2.1.2GRP
The purpose of this section is to implement Articles 70 and 118 of the Banking Consolidation Directive. It also implements Articles 2 and 28 of the Capital Adequacy Directiveso far as they apply those provisions of the Banking Consolidation Directive to CAD investment firms.
DISP 2.7.6RRP
A complaint can be dealt with under the Financial Ombudsman Service irrespective of whether the complainant lives or is based in the United Kingdom.
GENPRU 3.2.1RRP
GENPRU 3.2 applies to every firm that is a member of a third-country group. But it does not apply to:(1) an incoming EEA firm; or(2) an incoming Treaty firm; or(3) a UCITS qualifier; or(4) an ICVC.
INSPRU 3.2.38ARRP
The conditions referred to in INSPRU 3.2.38R (1) are that the letter of credit is:(1) direct, explicit, unconditional and irrevocable; and(2) issued by an undertaking which is:(a) not a related undertaking of the counterparty; and(b) either an approved credit institution or a bank, or a branch of a bank, whether chartered by the federal government of the United States of America or a US state, that is supervised and examined by at least one of the following US federal banking