Content Options:

Add to favourites

View Options:

More Resources:

External link Handbook Publications

LR 11.1 Related party transactions

Application

LR 11.1.1 R RP

1This chapter applies to a company that has a primary listing of equity securities.

Purpose

LR 11.1.2 G RP
  1. (1)

    This chapter sets out safeguards that apply to:

    1. (a)

      transactions and arrangements between a listed company and a related party; and

    2. (b)

      transactions and arrangements between a listed company and any other person that may benefit a related party.

  2. (2)

    The safeguards are intended to prevent a related party from taking advantage of its position and also to prevent any perception that it may have done so.

Transaction

LR 11.1.3 R RP

A reference in this chapter:

  1. (1)

    to a transaction or arrangement by a listed company includes a transaction or arrangement by its subsidiary undertaking; and

  2. (2)

    to a transaction or arrangement is, unless the contrary intention appears, a reference to the entering into of the agreement for the transaction or the entering into of the arrangement.

Definition of “related party”

LR 11.1.4 R RP

In LR, a "related party" means:

  1. (1)

    a person who is (or was within the 12 months before the date of the transaction or arrangement) a substantial shareholder; or

  2. (2)

    a person who is (or was within the 12 months before the date of the transaction or arrangement) a director or shadow director of the listed company or of any other company which is (and, if he has ceased to be such, was while he was a director or shadow director of such other company) its subsidiary undertaking or parent undertaking or a fellow subsidiary undertaking of its parent undertaking; or

  3. (3)

    [deleted]2

    2
  4. (4)

    a person exercising significant influence; or

  5. (5)

    an associate of a related party referred to in paragraph (1), (2) or (4).

    2

Definition of “related party transaction”

LR 11.1.5 R RP

In LR, a "related party transaction" means:

  1. (1)

    a transaction (other than a transaction of a revenue naturein the ordinary course of business) between a listed company and a related party; or

  2. (2)

    an arrangement pursuant to which a listed company and a related party each invests in, or provides finance to, another undertaking or asset; or

  3. (3)

    any other similar transaction or arrangement (other than a transaction of a revenue nature in the ordinary course of business) between a listed company and any other person the purpose and effect of which is to benefit a related party.

LR 11.1.5A G RP

2In assessing whether a transaction is in the ordinary course of business under this chapter, the FSA will have regard to the size and incidence of the transaction and also whether the terms and conditions of the transaction are unusual.

Transactions to which this chapter does not apply

LR 11.1.6 R RP

LR 11.1.7 R to LR 11.1.10 R do not apply to a related party transaction if it is a transaction or arrangement:

  1. (1)

    of a kind referred to in paragraph 1 of LR 11 Annex 1 (a small transaction); or

  2. (2)

    of a kind referred to in paragraph 2 to 10 of LR 11 Annex 1 and does not have any unusual features.

Note: If an issuer is proposing to enter into a transaction that could be a related party transaction it is required under LR 8 to obtain the guidance of a sponsor to assess the potential application of LR 11.

Requirements for related party transactions

LR 11.1.7 R RP

If a listed company enters into a related party transaction, the listed company must:

  1. (1)

    make a notification in accordance with LR 10.4.1 R (Notification of class 2 transactions) that contains the details required by that rule and also:

    1. (a)

      the name of the related party; and

    2. (b)

      details of the nature and extent of the related party's interest in the transaction or arrangement;

  2. (2)

    send a circular to its shareholders containing the information required by LR 13.3 and LR 13.6;

  3. (3)

    obtain the approval of its shareholders for the transaction or arrangement either:

    1. (a)

      before it is entered into; or

    2. (b)

      if the transaction or arrangement is expressed to be conditional on that approval, before it is completed; and

  4. (4)

    ensure that the related party:

    1. (a)

      does not vote on the relevant resolution; and

    2. (b)

      takes all reasonable steps to ensure that the related party'sassociates do not vote on the relevant resolution.

LR 11.1.8 G RP

If a meeting of the listed company has been called to approve a transaction or arrangement and, after the date of the notice of meeting but before the meeting itself, a party to that transaction or arrangement has become a related party, then to comply with LR 11.1.7 R the listed company should:

  1. (1)

    ensure that the related party concerned does not vote on the relevant resolution and that the related party takes all reasonable steps to ensure that its associates do not vote on the relevant resolution; and

  2. (2)

    send a further circular, for receipt by shareholders at least one clear business day before the last time for lodging proxies for the meeting, containing any information required by LR 13.3 (Contents of all circulars) and LR 13.6 (Related party circulars) that was not contained in the original circular with the notice of meeting.

LR 11.1.9 G RP

LR 11.1.7 R and LR 11.1.8 G will apply to the variation or novation of an existing agreement between the listed company and a related party whether or not, at the time the original agreement was entered into, that party was a related party.

Modified requirements for smaller related party transactions

LR 11.1.10 R RP
  1. (1)

    This rule applies to a related party transaction if each of the percentage ratios is less than 5%, but one or more of the percentage ratios exceeds 0.25%.

  2. (2)

    Where this rule applies, LR 11.1.7 R does not apply but instead the listed company must before entering into the transaction or arrangement (as the case may be):

    1. (a)

      inform the FSA in writing of the details of the proposed transaction or arrangement;

    2. (b)

      provide the FSA with written confirmation from an independent adviser acceptable to the FSA that the terms of the proposed transaction or arrangement with the related party are fair and reasonable as far as the shareholders of the listed company are concerned; and

    3. (c)

      undertake in writing to the FSA to include details of the transaction or arrangement in the listed company's next published annual accounts, including, if relevant, the identity of the related party, the value of the consideration for the transaction or arrangement and all other relevant circumstances.

Aggregation of transactions in any 12 month period

LR 11.1.11 R RP
  1. (1)

    If a listed company enters into transactions or arrangements with the same related party (and any of its associates) in any 12 month period and the transactions or arrangements have not been approved by shareholders the transactions or arrangements

    must be aggregated.

  2. (2)

    If any percentage ratio is 5% or more for the aggregated transactions or arrangements, the listed company must comply with LR 11.1.7 R in respect of the latest transaction or arrangement.

Note: LR 13.6.1R (8) requires details of each of the transactions or arrangements being aggregated to be included in the circular.

  1. (3)

    If transactions or arrangements that are small transactions under LR 11 Annex 1 paragraph 1 are aggregated under paragraph (1) of this rule and for the aggregated small transactions each of the percentage ratios is less than 5%, but one or more of the percentage ratios exceeds 0.25%, the listed company must comply with:

    1. (a)

      LR 11.1.10R (2)(b) in respect of the latest small transaction; and

    2. (b)

      LR 11.1.10R (2)(a) and LR 11.1.10R (2)(c) in respect of the aggregated small transactions.

2

LR 11 Annex 1 Transactions to which related party transaction rules do not apply

LR 11 Annex 1.1 R

Small transaction

1

A transaction or arrangement where each of the applicable percentage ratios is equal to or less than 0.25%.

Issue of new securities and sale of treasury shares

1Transaction agreed before person became a related party

11A

A transaction the terms of which:

1(1)

were agreed at a time when no party to the transaction or person who was to receive the benefit of the transaction was a related party; and

1(2)

have not been amended, or required the exercise of discretion by the listed company under those terms, since the party or person become a related party.

Issue of new securities and sale of treasury shares

2

A transaction that consists of:

(1)

the take up by a related party of new securities or treasury shares under its entitlement in a pre-emptive offering;

(2)

an issue of new securities made under the exercise of conversion or subscription rights attaching to a listed class of securities.1

1

1 1

Employees’ share schemes and long-term incentive schemes

3

The:

(1)

receipt of any asset (including cash or securities of the listed company or any of its subsidiary undertakings) by a director of the listed company, its parent undertaking or any of its subsidiary undertakings; or

(2)

grant of an option or other right to a director of the listed company, its parent undertaking, or any of its subsidiary undertakings to acquire (whether or not for consideration) any asset (including cash or new or existing securities of the listed company or any of its subsidiary undertakings); or

(3)

provision of a gift or loan to the trustees of an employee benefit trust to finance the provision of assets as referred to in (1) or (2);

in accordance with the terms of an employees' share scheme or a long-term incentive scheme.

Credit

4

A grant of credit (including the lending of money or the guaranteeing of a loan):

(1)

to the related party on normal commercial terms;

(2)

to a director for an amount and on terms no more favourable than those offered to employees of the group generally; or

(3)

by the related party on normal commercial terms and on an unsecured basis.

Directors’ indemnities and loans 1

5

(1)

A transaction that consists of:

(a)

granting an indemnity to a director of the listed company (or any of its subsidiary undertakings) if the terms of the indemnity are in accordance with those specifically permitted to be given to a director under the Companies Act 2006;1

1

(b)

maintaining a contract of insurance if the insurance is in accordance with that specifically permitted to be maintained for a director under that the Companies Act 20061(whether for a director of the listed company or for a director of any of its subsidiary undertakings); or1

1 1

1(c)

a loan to a director by a listed company or any of its subsidiary undertakings if the terms of the loan are in accordance with those specifically permitted to be given to a director under section 204 or 205 of the Companies Act 2006.

(2)

Paragraph (1) applies to a listed company that is not subject to the Companies Act 20061if the terms of the indemnity or contract of insurance are in accordance with those that would be specifically permitted under that Act (if it applied).

1

Underwriting

6

(1)

The underwriting by a related party of all or part of an issue of securities by the listed company (or any of its subsidiary undertakings) if the consideration to be paid by the listed company (or any of its subsidiary undertakings) for the underwriting:

(a)

is no more than the usual commercial underwriting consideration; and

(b)

is the same as that to be paid to the other underwriters (if any).

(2)

Paragraph (1) does not apply to the extent that a related party is underwriting securities which it is entitled to take up under an issue of securities. 1

7

[deleted]1

Joint investment arrangements

8

(1)

An arrangement where a listed company, or any of its subsidiary undertakings, and a related party each invests in, or provides finance to, another undertaking or asset if the following conditions are satisfied:

(a)

the amount invested, or provided, by the related party is not more than 25% of the amount invested, or provided, by the listed company or its subsidiary undertaking (as the case may be) and the listed company has advised the FSA in writing that this condition has been met; and

(b)

an independent adviser acceptable to the FSA has provided a written opinion to the FSA stating that the terms and circumstances of the investment or provision of finance by the listed company or its subsidiary undertakings (as the case may be) are no less favourable than those applying to the investment or provision of finance by the related party.

(2)

The advice in paragraph (1)(a) and the opinion in paragraph (1)(b) must be provided before the investment is made or the finance is provided.

Insignificant subsidiary undertaking

9

(1)

A transaction or arrangement where each of the conditions in paragraphs (2) to (6) (as far as applicable) is satisfied.

(2)

The party to the transaction or arrangement is only a related party because:

(a)

it is (or was within the 12 months before the date of the transaction or arrangement) a substantial shareholder or its associate; or

(b)

it is a person who is (or was within the 12 months before the date of the transaction or arrangement) a director or shadow director or his associate;

of a subsidiary undertaking or subsidiary undertakings of the listed company that has, or if there is more than one subsidiary undertaking that have in aggregate, contributed less than 10% of the profits of, and represented less than 10% of the assets of, the listed company for the relevant period.

(3)

The subsidiary undertaking or each of the subsidiary undertakings (as the case may be) have been in the listed company's group for 1 year or more.

(4)

In paragraph (2), "relevant period" means:

(a)

if the subsidiary undertaking or each of the subsidiary undertakings (as the case may be) have been part of the listed company's group for more than 1 year but less than 3 years, each of the financial years before the date of the transaction or arrangement for which accounts have been published; and

(b)

if the subsidiary undertaking or any of the subsidiary undertakings (as the case may be) have been part of the listed company's group for 3 years or more, each of the 3 financial years before the date of the transaction or arrangement for which accounts have been published.

(5)

If the subsidiary undertaking or any of the subsidiary undertakings (as the case may be) are themselves party to the transaction or arrangement or if securities in the subsidiary undertaking or any of the subsidiary undertakings or their assets are the subject of the transaction or arrangement, then the ratio of consideration to market capitalisation of the listed company is less than 10%.

(6)

In this rule, the figures to be used to calculate profits, assets and consideration to market capitalisation are the same as those used to classify profits, assets and consideration to market capitalisation in LR 10 Annex 1 (as modified or added to by LR 10.7 where applicable). 1