REC 2.6 General safeguards for investors, suspension and removal of financial instruments from trading and order execution on regulated markets2
Schedule to the Recognition Requirements Regulations, Paragraph 4(1)
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2 The [UK RIE] must ensure that business conducted by means of itsfacilitiesis conducted in an orderly manner and so as to afford proper protection to investors. |
Schedule to the Recognition Requirements Regulations, Paragraph 4(2)(aa)
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2Without prejudice to the generality of sub-paragraph [4(1)], the [UK RIE] must ensure that - |
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it has transparent7 rules and procedures - |
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(i) |
to provide for fair and orderly trading, and |
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(ii) |
to establish objective criteria for the efficient execution of orders; |
7Schedule to the Recognition Requirements Regulations, Paragraph 4C
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(1) |
The [UK RIE] must make available to the public, without any charges, data relating to the quality of execution of transactions on the trading venues operated by the [UK RIE] on at least an annual basis. |
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(2) |
Reports must include details about price, costs, speed and likelihood of execution for individual financial instruments. |
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(1)7 |
The rules of the [UK RIE] must provide that the [UK RIE] must not exercise its power to suspend or remove from trading on a trading venue operated by it any financial instrument which no longer complies with its rules, where such step would be likely to cause significant damage to the interests of investors or the orderly functioning of the financial markets. |
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7(2) |
Where the [UK RIE] suspends or removes any financial instrument from trading on a trading venue it operates it must also suspend or remove from trading on that venue any derivative that relates to or is referenced to that financial instrument where that is required to support the objectives of the suspension or removal of trading of that financial instrument. |
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7(3) |
Where the [UK RIE] suspends or removes any financial instrument from trading on a trading venue it operates, including any derivative in accordance with sub-paragraph (2), it must make that decision public and notify the FCA. |
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7(4) |
Where following a decision made under sub-paragraph (2) the [UK RIE] lifts a suspension or re-admits any financial instrument to trading on a trading venue it operates, including any derivative suspended or removed from trading in accordance with that sub-paragraph , it must make that decision public and notify the FCA. |
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[Note: MiFID RTS 18 contains requirements on the suspension and removal of financial instruments from trading]7 |
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7Schedule to the Recognition Requirements Regulations, Paragraph 9ZA
[Note: This paragraph is relevant to regulated markets only. See REC 2.16A regarding MTFs or OTFs]
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(1) |
A [UK RIE] must have non-discretionary rules for the execution of orders on a regulated market operated by it. |
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(2) |
A [UK RIE] must not on a regulated market operated by it - |
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(a) |
execute any client orders against its proprietary capital; or |
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(b) |
engage in matched principal trading. |
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[Note: article 3 of MiFIR covers pre-trade transparency requirements for trading venues in respect of shares, depositary receipts8, ETFs, certificates and other similar financial instruments, and article 8 of MiFIR imposes similar requirements in respect of bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives]7
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2 Pre-trade transparency obligations |
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(1) |
A ... market operator operating an MTF or a regulated market shall, in respect of each share admitted to trading on a regulated market that is traded within a system operated by it and specified in Table 1 of Annex II [(see REC 2.6.8 EU)], make public the information set out in paragraphs 2 to 6. |
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(2) |
Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a continuous auction order book trading system, it shall, for each share as specified in paragraph 1, make public continuously throughout its normal trading hours the aggregate number of orders and of the shares those orders represent at each price level, for the five best bid and offer price levels. |
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(3) |
Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a quote-driven trading system, it shall, for each share as specified in paragraph 1, make public continuously throughout its normal trading hours the best bid and offer by price of each market maker in that share, together with the volumes attaching to those prices. |
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The quotes made public shall be those that represent binding commitments to buy and sell the shares and which indicate the price and volume of shares in which the registered market makers are prepared to buy or sell. |
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In exceptional market conditions, however, indicative or one-way prices may be allowed for a limited time. |
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(4) |
Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a periodic auction trading system, it shall, for each share specified in paragraph 1, make public continuously throughout its normal trading hours the price that would best satisfy the system's trading algorithm and the volume that would potentially be executable at that price by participants in that system. |
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(5) |
Where one of the entities referred to in paragraph 1 operates a trading system which is not wholly covered by paragraphs 2 or 3 or 4, either because it is a hybrid system falling under more than one of those paragraphs or because the price determination process is of a different nature, it shall maintain a standard of pre-trade transparency that ensures that adequate information is made public as to the price level of orders or quotes for each share specified in paragraph 1, as well as the level of trading interest in that share. |
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In particular, the five best bid and offer price levels and/or two-way quotes of each market maker in that share shall be made public, if the characteristics of the price discovery mechanism permit it. |
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(6) |
A summary of the information to be made public in accordance with paragraphs 2 to 5 is specified in Table 1 of Annex II. [(see REC 2.6.8 EU)] |
[Note: MiFID RTS 1 on transparency requirements for trading venues in respect of shares, depositary receipts8, exchange traded funds, certificates and other similar financial instruments and the obligation for investment firms to execute transactions in certain shares on a trading venue or a systematic internaliser]
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2 Type of system |
Description of system |
Summary of information to be made public, in accordance with Article 17 |
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continuous auction order book trading system |
a system that by means of an order book and a trading algorithm operated without human intervention matches sell orders with matching buy orders on the basis of the best available price on a continuous basis |
the aggregate number of orders and the shares they represent at each price level, for at least the five best bid and offer price levels. |
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quote-driven trading system |
a system where transactions are concluded on the basis of firm quotes that are continuously made available to participants, which requires the market makers to maintain quotes in a size that balances the needs of members and participants to deal in a commercial size and the risk to which the market maker exposes itself |
the best bid and offer by price of each market maker in that share, together with the volumes attaching to those prices |
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periodic auction trading system |
a system that matches orders on the basis of a periodic auction and a trading algorithm operated without human intervention |
the price at which the auction trading system would best satisfy its trading algorithm and the volume that would potentially be executable at that price |
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trading system not covered by first three rows |
A hybrid system falling into two or more of the first three rows or a system where the price determination process is of a different nature than that applicable to the types of system covered by [the] first three rows |
adequate information as to the level of orders or quotes and of trading interest; in particular, the five best bid and offer price levels and/or two way quotes of each market maker in the share, if the characteristics of the price discovery mechanism so permit |
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[Note: articles 4 and 5 of MiFIR, MiFID RTS 1 and MiFID RTS 3 on the double volume cap mechanism and the provision of information for the purposes of transparency and other calculations]7
[Note: article 5 of MiFIR, and MiFID RTS 3]7
7[Note: MiFID RTS 2 with regard to regulatory technical standards on transparency requirements for trading venues with respect to bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives]
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[Note: article 6 of MiFIR now covers post-trade transparency requirements for trading venues in respect of shares, depositary receipts8, ETFs, certificates and other similar financial instruments and article 10 of MiFIR imposes similar requirements in respect of bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives]7
Article 27(1) of the MiFID Regulation
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2 Post-trade transparency obligation |
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1. |
... regulated markets, and ... market operators operating an MTF shall, with regard to transactions in respect of shares admitted to trading on regulated markets concluded ... within their systems, make public the following details: |
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(a) |
the details specified in points 2, 3, 6, 16, 17, 18 and 21 of Table 1 of Annex I [(see REC 2.6.16 EU)] |
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(b) |
an indication that the exchange of shares is determined by factors other than the current market valuation of the share, where applicable [(see REC 2.6.17 EU)]; |
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(c) |
an indication that the trade was a negotiated trade, where applicable; |
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(d) |
any amendments to previously disclosed information, where applicable. |
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Those details shall be made public either by reference to each transaction or in a form aggregating the volume and price of all transactions in the same share taking place at the same price at the same time. |
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[Note: MiFID RTS 1] 7
Points 2, 3, 6, 16, 17, 18 and 21 of Table 1 of Annex I of the MiFID Regulation
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22. |
Trading Day |
The trading day on which the transaction was executed. |
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3. |
Trading Time |
The time at which the transaction was executed, reported in the local time of the competent authority to which the transaction will be reported, and the basis in which the transaction is reported expressed as Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) +/- hours. |
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6. |
Instrument Identification |
This shall consist in: |
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- a unique code to be decided by the competent authority (if any) to which the report is made identifying the [share] which is the subject of the transaction; |
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- if the [share] in question does not have a unique identification code, the report must include the name of the [share] ... |
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16. |
Unit Price |
The price per [share] excluding commission and (where relevant) accrued interest. ... |
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17. |
Price Notation |
The currency in which the price is expressed ... |
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18. |
Quantity |
The number of units of the [shares]. |
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21. |
Venue identification |
Identification of the venue where the transaction was executed. That identification shall consist ... [of the regulated market or MTF's] ... unique harmonised identification code; |
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... |
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Article 28 of the MiFID Regulation
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2 Deferred publication of large transactions |
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The deferred publication of information in respect of transactions may be authorised, for a period no longer than the period specified in Table 4 in Annex II [(see REC 2.6.20 EU)] for the class of share and transaction concerned, provided the following criteria are satisfied: |
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(a) |
the transaction is between [a MiFID investment firm] dealing on own account and a client of that firm; |
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(b) |
the size of that transaction is equal to or exceeds the relevant minimum qualifying size, as specified in Table 4 in Annex II [(see REC 2.6.20 EU)]. |
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In order to determine the relevant minimum qualifying size for the purposes of point (b), all shares admitted to trading on a regulated market shall be classified in accordance with their average daily turnover to be calculated in accordance with Article 33. |
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7[Note: MiFID RTS 22]
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2In determining whether:
- (1)
business conducted by means of a UK RIE'sfacilities is conducted so;
5 - (2)
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as to afford proper protection to investors, the FCA5 may, in addition to the matters dealt with in REC 2.7 to REC 2.12, have regard to all the arrangements made by the UK recognised body concerning the operation of its facilities.
52The FCA5 may also have regard to the extent to which the UK recognised body's rules, procedures and the arrangements for monitoring and overseeing the use of its facilities:
5- (1)
include appropriate measures to prevent the use of its facilities for abusive or improper purposes;
- (2)
provide appropriate safeguards for investors against fraud or misconduct, recklessness, negligence or incompetence by users of its facilities;
- (3)
provide appropriate information to enable users of its facilities to monitor their use of the facilities;
- (4)
include appropriate arrangements to enable users of its facilities to raise queries about any use of those facilities which they are reported to have made;
- (5)
include appropriate arrangements to enable users of its facilities to comply with any relevant regulatory or legal requirements; and
- (6)
include appropriate arrangements to reduce the risk that those facilities will be used in ways which are incompatible with relevant regulatory or legal requirements;
and in this paragraph "appropriate" should be taken to mean appropriate having regard to the nature and scale of the UK recognised body'sfacilities, the types of persons who will use the facilities and the use which they will make of those facilities.
Orderly markets
2In determining whether a UK RIE is ensuring that business conducted by means of its facilities is conducted in an orderly manner (and so as to afford proper protection to investors), the FCA5 may have regard to the extent to which the UK RIE's rules and procedures:
5- (1)
are consistent with the Market Abuse Regulation6;
6 - (2)
prohibit abusive trading practices or the deliberate reporting or publication of false information about trades; and
- (3)
prohibit or prevent:
- (a)
trades in which a party is improperly indemnified against losses;
- (b)
trades intended to create a false appearance of trading activity ("wash trades");
- (c)
cross trades executed for improper purposes;
- (d)
improperly prearranged or prenegotiated trades;
- (e)
trades intended to assist or conceal any potentially identifiable trading abuse ("accommodation trades"); and
- (f)
trades which one party does not intend to close out or settle.
- (a)
2In determining whether a UK RIE is ensuring that business conducted by means of its facilities is conducted in an orderly manner (and so as to afford proper protection to investors), the FCA5 may have regard to whether the UK RIE's arrangements and practices:
5- (1)
enable members and clients for whom they act to obtain the best price available at the time for their size and type of trade;
- (2)
demonstrate that the UK RIE is able to satisfy:7
- (a)
either or both of the following:7
- (i)
(for shares, depositary receipts, exchange traded funds, certificates and other similar financial instruments traded on its trading venues) the pre-trade transparency requirements in article 3 of MiFIR, unless waived by the FCA under article 4 of MiFIR in which case the FCA will have regard to the UK RIE’s ability to demonstrate that it is able to satisfy article 5(7) of MiFIR; or7
- (ii)
(for bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives traded on its trading venues) the pre-trade transparency requirements in article 8 of MiFIR, unless waived or temporarily suspended by the FCA under article 9 of MiFIR; and 7
- (i)
- (b)
either or both of the following:7
- (i)
(for shares, depositary receipts, exchange traded funds, certificates and other similar financial instruments traded on its trading venues) the post-trade transparency requirements set out in article 6 of MiFIR, unless the FCA has provided for deferred publication in accordance with article 7 of MiFIR; or7
- (ii)
(for bonds, structured finance products, emission allowances and derivatives traded on its trading venues) the directly applicable post-trade transparency requirements set out in article 10 of MiFIR, unless the FCA has provided for deferred publication or temporarily suspended such post-trade transparency requirements in accordance with article 11 of MiFIR. In the event the FCA has provided for deferred publication of the post-trade transparency requirements, regard would be had to the UK RIE’s ability to demonstrate that it is able to satisfy any other requests made by the FCA pursuant to article 11(3) of MiFIR; and7
- (i)
- (c)
(for all financial instruments referred to in REC 2.6.29G(2)(a) or REC 2.6.29(2)(b)8 traded on its trading venue) the obligation to make pre-trade and post-trade data available separately and on a reasonable commercial basis in accordance with articles 12 and 13 of MiFIR, and MiFID RTS 14 on the specification of the offering of pre-trade data and post-trade data and the level of disaggregation.7
- (a)
- (2A)
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- (3)
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- (4)
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7In addition to the matters set out in REC 2.6.29G, the FCA may have regard to the UK recognised body’s compliance with relevant requirements of MiFID RTS 7 on the prevention of disorderly trading conditions.
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