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BCOBS 8.4 Alerts

Application

BCOBS 8.4.1R
  1. (1)

    23Subject to BCOBS 8.4.2R this section applies to a firm in relation to personal current accounts held with the firm under a trading name if 70,000 or more personal current accounts are held with the firm under that trading name.

  2. (2)

    This section does not apply to excluded personal current accounts.

BCOBS 8.4.2R

23Where a firm has notified a banking customer in accordance with BCOBS 8.4.6R that they will receive alerts under this section in respect of a personal current account, this section continues to apply to the firm in respect of that personal current account, even if it would not apply to the firm under BCOBS 8.4.1R, until:

  1. (1)

    the firm has notified the banking customer in writing that they will no longer receive the alerts they were previously notified of; and

  2. (2)

    28 days have elapsed since the firm sent the notification.

Automatic enrolment

BCOBS 8.4.3R
  1. (1)

    23Except as otherwise provided for in BCOBS 8.4.5R, a firm must ensure that in relation to each personal current account held by a banking customer, the banking customer is, by the date specified in (2), enrolled to receive:

    1. (a)

      arranged overdraft alerts in accordance with BCOBS 8.4.12R;

    2. (b)

      unarranged overdraft alerts in accordance with BCOBS 8.4.13R; and4

    3. (c)

      attempt to overdraw without prior arrangement alerts in accordance with BCOBS 8.4.15R.4

    4. (d)

      [deleted]4

  2. (2)

    A banking customer is enrolled to receive alerts in relation to a personal current account when:

    1. (a)

      the firm has put in place arrangements that enable it to comply with this section; and

    2. (b)

      those arrangements are operational in respect of that personal current account.

  3. (3)

    Where a personal current account is held by two or more banking customers jointly, a firm must enrol each banking customer in the alerts required under this section.

  4. (4)

    A firm must comply with (1) not later than whichever is the latest of:

    1. (a)

      the day one year after the first time that 70,000 or more personal current accounts are held with the firm under that trading name;

    2. (b)

      three working days after the agreement for the personal current account is concluded;

    3. (c)

      where BCOBS 8.4.4R(1) applies, ten working days after:

      1. (i)

        the firm obtains a mobile telephone number from the banking customer; or

      2. (ii)

        if the firm provides alerts by push notification from a mobile banking application, the banking customer is able to receive alerts in this way; and

    4. (d)

      where a personal current account had no arranged overdraft at the time it was opened (and BCOBS 8.4.5R(2) therefore applied at that time) and an arranged overdraft was subsequently agreed in relation to that personal current account, three working days after the agreement for the arranged overdraft is concluded.

BCOBS 8.4.4R
  1. (1)

    23Where a firm is required to enrol a banking customer in alerts under this section but the firm:

    1. (a)

      does not hold a mobile telephone number for the banking customer; or

    2. (b)

      has reasonable grounds to believe that the mobile telephone number held in respect of the banking customer is no longer used by the banking customer;

    the firm must take reasonable steps to obtain a mobile telephone number to which alerts may be sent to that banking customer within a reasonable time.

  2. (2)

    Before opening a new personal current account, a firm must:

    1. (a)

      take reasonable steps to obtain the banking customer’s mobile telephone number for the purposes of enrolling them in alerts relating to that personal current account; or

    2. (b)

      where the firm already holds a mobile telephone number for the banking customer, seek the banking customer’s confirmation that the mobile telephone number held by the firm is the banking customer’s preferred mobile telephone number for the purposes of receiving alerts relating to that personal current account.

  3. (3)

    Where a banking customer declines to provide or confirm a mobile telephone number when requested to do so under (1) or (2) the firm must warn the banking customer that they will not be able to receive alerts about their overdraft use and as a result may incur avoidable charges.

  4. (4)

    This rule does not apply if:

    1. (a)

      the firm provides alerts by push notification from a mobile banking application and the banking customer is able to receive alerts in this way; or

    2. (b)

      the banking customer has elected to receive alerts in respect of that personal current account by an alternative means in accordance with BCOBS 8.4.8R(3).

Exceptions to automatic enrolment

BCOBS 8.4.5R
  1. (1)

    23A firm is not required to enrol a banking customer to receive alerts under BCOBS 8.4.3R in the circumstances set out in (2) to (4).

  2. (2)

    A firm is not required to enrol a banking customer to receive arranged overdraft alerts in accordance with BCOBS 8.4.12R in respect of a personal current account that has no arranged overdraft.

  3. (3)

    A firm is not required to enrol a banking customer to receive a particular type of alert in respect of a personal current account if that banking customer already receives an alert or alerts that perform at least an equivalent function.

  4. (4)

    A firm may elect not 5 to enrol a banking customer to receive alerts 5in respect of a personal current account if that banking customer has 5requested not to receive an alert or alerts relating to that banking customer’s overdraft usage5.

  5. (5)

    For the purposes of (4), a banking customer is not to be treated as having requested not to receive an alert merely because it has been previously offered to them.

Notification of enrolment

BCOBS 8.4.6R
  1. (1)

    23A firm must notify a banking customer who has been (or will be) enrolled to receive alerts that they have been (or will be) so enrolled.

  2. (2)

    When giving such notification the firm must also inform the banking customer of any options available to customise the alerts the banking customer receives to suit the banking customer’s needs and the method or methods available for doing so.

BCOBS 8.4.7G

23A firm that has complied with BCOBS 4.4.4R when opening the personal current account will have complied with BCOBS 8.4.6R and need not provide a further notification to the banking customer.

Method for delivering alerts

BCOBS 8.4.8R

23A reference in this section to an alert being sent in respect of a personal current account is to the firm completing all steps necessary to initiate the sending of an alert:

  1. (1)

    by SMS text message to the banking customer’s mobile telephone number;

  2. (2)

    by push notification from a mobile banking application; or

  3. (3)

    by an alternative method if:

    1. (a)

      that method provides for secure and reliable receipt by the banking customer in a comparable timeframe from the point when the firm sends the alert to the methods provided for in (1) or (2); and

    2. (b)

      the banking customer has expressly and freely opted to receive alerts by way of such delivery method instead of the methods provided for in (1) or (2).

BCOBS 8.4.9G

23An ‘opt-out’ or pre-filled check box to receive alerts by an alternative method would not satisfy the requirement in BCOBS 8.4.8R(3)(b) for the banking customer to have expressly and freely opted to receive alerts by an alternative method.

Customising alerts

BCOBS 8.4.10R
  1. (1)

    213A firm must put in place arrangements that allow a banking customer to choose not to receive the alerts required by BCOBS 8.4.12R and BCOBS 8.4.13R4.

  2. (2)

    A firm may restrict a banking customer’s ability to choose not to receive the alerts required by BCOBS 8.4.13R so that the banking customer can choose not to receive those alerts only if they also choose not to receive alerts under BCOBS 8.4.15R.

  3. (3)

    A firm must ensure that any arrangements put in place for banking customers to choose not to receive alerts, or to otherwise customise alerts, are easily accessible free of charge, clear and straightforward.

  4. (4)

    A firm must warn a banking customer who chooses not to receive some or all alerts that they will not receive alerts about their overdraft use and as a result may incur avoidable charges.

BCOBS 8.4.11G
  1. (1)

    23BCOBS 8.4.10R does not prevent a firm from allowing a banking customer to customise alerts in additional ways to that required by that rule.

  2. (2)

    The effect of BCOBS 8.4.10R(1) and (2) is that a firm:

    1. (a)

      need not allow a banking customer to opt out of receiving attempt to overdraw without prior arrangement alerts; and

    2. (b)

      may offer a combined opt out for attempt to overdraw without prior arrangement alerts and unarranged overdraft alerts, and not offer an independent opt out for each of these alerts.

    A banking customer should be able to opt out of arranged overdraft alerts4 regardless of the other alerts the banking customer chooses to receive.

  3. (3)

    Nothing in this section prohibits a firm from offering alerts additional to those required by this section, such as alerts sent when:

    1. (a)

      the balance of the personal current account is low;

    2. (b)

      the personal current account approaches the applicable overdraft limit; or

    3. (c)

      there are insufficient funds to process a transaction at a particular time but the firm will attempt to process the transaction again.

  4. (4)

    A firm that provides alerts by push notification from a mobile banking application should take reasonable steps to enable it to detect circumstances where a banking customer has disabled push notifications, including otherwise than through the banking application, so as to enable it to either:

    1. (a)

      continue to provide alerts by an alternative permitted method; or

    2. (b)

      comply with BCOBS 8.4.10R(4).

  5. (5)

    A firm should continue to send the alerts required by the rules in this section unless the banking customer chooses not to receive them. If the firm is dealing with a banking customer who is in financial difficulty, in default, or otherwise vulnerable the firm may discuss with the banking customer whether they wish to continue receiving alerts under the rules in this section, but the choice of whether to do so should remain with the banking customer.

Arranged overdraft alerts

BCOBS 8.4.12R
  1. (1)

    23A firm must send an alert to a banking customer if the firm:

    1. (a)

      knows based on information available to it that the banking customer’s personal current account is making use of arranged overdraft; or

    2. (b)

      is reasonably able to determine that, taking into account information it has access to on transactions due to be settled, the banking customer’s personal current account will make use of arranged overdraft that day in the absence of:

      1. (i)

        action by the banking customer; or

      2. (ii)

        a transaction other than those the firm is aware of.

  2. (2)

    The alert must communicate to the banking customer in plain simple language:

    1. (a)

      the reason why the alert has been sent;

    2. (b)

      that the banking customer will or may incur charges if they become or remain overdrawn, if this is the case.

Unarranged overdraft alerts

BCOBS 8.4.13R
  1. (1)

    23A firm must send an alert to a banking customer if the firm:

    1. (a)

      knows based on information available to it that the banking customer’s personal current account has entered unarranged overdraft;

    2. (b)

      is reasonably able to determine that, taking into account information it has access to on transactions due to be settled, the banking customer’s personal current account will enter unarranged overdraft in the absence of:

      1. (i)

        action by the banking customer; or

      2. (ii)

        a transaction other than those the firm is aware of.

  2. (2)

    The alert must communicate to the banking customer in plain simple language:

    1. (a)

      the reason why the alert has been sent;

    2. (b)

      that the banking customer will or may incur charges if they enter or remain in unarranged overdraft, if this is the case; and

    3. (c)

      that the banking customer has a period of time during which they have an opportunity to take action to avoid or reduce charges, and specify:

      1. (i)

        the actions which may be taken; and

      2. (ii)

        the time by which the customer must take such action to reduce or avoid the charge or charges.

BCOBS 8.4.14G
  1. (1)

    23The period communicated under BCOBS 8.2.13R(2)(c) should give the banking customer as good an opportunity to take action to avoid or reduce charges as possible, having regard to:

    1. (a)

      the time when the alert is required to be sent;

    2. (b)

      the terms and conditions applicable to the personal current account; and

    3. (c)

      the firm’s obligations under:

      1. (i)

        the Payment Services Regulations; and

      2. (ii)

        BCOBS 5.1.1R.

  2. (2)

    Firms should keep in mind regulation 89 of the Payment Services Regulations (Value date and availability of funds). Where it applies, the alert must reflect that, if a payment is made in response to an alert and credited to the firm’s account, the firm must give value for the payment on the same business day (as defined in the Payment Services Regulations) no matter how late in the business day the payment is credited to the firm’s account.

    [Note: Guidance on the concept of a business day is available in the FCA’s Approach to Payment Services and Electronic Money document: https://www.fca.org.uk/publication/finalised-guidance/fca-approach-payment-services-electronic-money-2017.pdf]

Attempt to exceed alerts

BCOBS 8.4.15R
  1. (1)

    23A firm must send an alert to a banking customer if the firm:

    1. (a)

      knows based on information available to it that the banking customer has incurred a charge for attempting to enter unarranged overdraft but has not entered unarranged overdraft because the firm declined to process the transaction; or

    2. (b)

      is reasonably able to determine that, taking into account information it has access to on transactions due to be settled, a situation described in (a) will occur that day in the absence of:

      1. (i)

        action by the banking customer; or

      2. (ii)

        a transaction other than those the firm is aware of.

  2. (2)

    The alert must communicate to the banking customer in plain simple language:

    1. (a)

      the reason why the alert has been sent; and

    2. (b)

      that the banking customer has incurred or may incur charges, if this is the case.

BCOBS 8.4.16R

[deleted]4

General provisions about the timing and content of alerts

BCOBS 8.4.17R

23Where a firm has sent an alert under BCOBS 8.4.12R to 8.4.15R 4 it is not required to send a further alert in respect of the same personal current account under the same rule unless, since the last alert under that rule was sent:

  1. (1)

    in respect of alerts sent under BCOBS 8.4.12R(1)(a), any arranged overdrawing has been repaid;

  2. (2)

    in respect of alerts sent under BCOBS 8.4.12R(1)(b), either:

    1. (a)

      the personal current account did not enter arranged overdraft on the day the alert was sent; or

    2. (b)

      the personal current account entered arranged overdraft but any arranged overdrawing has been repaid;

  3. (3)

    in respect of alerts sent under BCOBS 8.4.13R(1)(a), any unarranged overdrawing has been repaid;

  4. (4)

    in respect of alerts sent under BCOBS 8.4.13R(1)(b), either:

    1. (a)

      the personal current account did not enter unarranged overdraft on the day the alert was sent; or

    2. (b)

      the personal current account entered unarranged overdraft but any unarranged overdrawing has been repaid; or

  5. (5)

    in respect of alerts sent under BCOBS 8.4.15R, the obligation to send the alert arises because of a further attempt to enter unarranged overdraft.4

  6. (6)

    [deleted]4

  7. (7)

    [deleted]4

BCOBS 8.4.18R
  1. (1)

    23Subject to (2) to (4), a firm must send an alert required by this section as soon as practicable after the circumstances giving rise to the obligation to send the alert arise.

  2. (2)

    Where the obligation to send an alert or alerts is brought about by one or more scheduled payments, the firm must:

    1. (a)

      where the alert is required under BCOBS 8.4.13R or BCOBS 8.4.15R, send an alert no later than 10:00 am on the day when the obligation to send the alert arises;

    2. (b)

      where the alert is required under BCOBS 8.4.12R,4 send an alert no later than 12:00 midday on the day when the obligation to send the alert arises; and

    3. (c)

      treat all scheduled payments due to be debited from the personal current account on a single day as a single transaction for the purposes of (3).

  3. (3)

    Where a transaction would, apart from this paragraph, give rise to an obligation to send multiple alerts under different rules in this section, a firm must only send the alert most relevant to the anticipated final balance of the personal current account after the transaction.

  4. (4)

    Where a series of transactions that the firm becomes aware of in rapid succession would, apart from this paragraph, give rise to an obligation to send multiple alerts under different rules in this section, a firm may treat them as a single transaction for the purposes of (3).

  5. (5)

    Nothing in this section requires a firm to send an alert where doing so would be a breach of another regulatory requirement applicable to the firm.

  6. (6)

    In this rule, a “scheduled payment” is a payment where the firm has knowledge of both the amount and date of the payment on the day before it is to be debited from the personal current account.

BCOBS 8.4.19G
  1. (1)

    23The purpose of the alerts in this section is to give banking customers notice of potential and actual arranged and unarranged overdraft use to enable them to:

    1. (a)

      take informed decisions about their personal current account use; and

    2. (b)

      where possible, take action to avoid such use if it is not in their interests.

  2. (2)

    The rules in this section leave scope for firms to customise alerts to suit the method used to send them, the firm’s products, brands and customers.

  3. (3)

    The content required by the rules in this section is minimum content and firms may choose to include additional content in the alerts including information about:

    1. (a)

      the balance of the personal current account;

    2. (b)

      the banking customer’s pre-arranged overdraft limit; and

    3. (c)

      the amounts of charges that the banking customer will or may incur.

  4. (4)

    Certain accounts provide for arranged or unarranged borrowing to be free of charge in limited circumstances, or for certain amounts. This is a situation where the customer ‘may be charged’ for their overdraft use. Where this is the case, a firm that is required under the rules in this section to inform a banking customer that they will or may be charged should take care that the alert is fair, clear, and not misleading. In particular where the borrowing does not give rise to a charge the firm may:

    1. (a)

      inform the banking customer that they may be charged;

    2. (b)

      inform the banking customer that they will not be charged in the circumstances that have triggered the alert and set out the circumstances in which the banking customer may be charged in the future; or

    3. (c)

      where the firm has put in place arrangements to provide a further alert to the banking customer if a charge arises in the future:

      1. (i)

        make no reference to charges in the alert; or

      2. (ii)

        inform the banking customer that they will not be charged based on the usage that has triggered the alert.

  5. (5)

    Firms should have regard to available evidence about the content and presentation that is most effective at engaging banking customers when designing the content and presentation of alerts in compliance with these rules.

  6. (6)

    The requirement to send alerts as soon as practicable in BCOBS 8.4.18R(1) does not preclude a firm from grouping alerts due to be sent to banking customers in ‘batches’, provided that alerts are sent at reasonable intervals.